Chromatin remodeling

Chromatin is composed of nucleosomes, where each comprise 147 base pairs of DNA wrapped around an octamer oftwo copies of each histone H2A, H2B, H3, and H4. Nucleosomes are folded into higher-order structures that are stabilized by linker histones. Chromatin structure can be altered by enzymes that posttranslationally modify histones (e.g., through phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation, or ubiquitination) or by ATP-driven chromatin-remodeling complexes that alter nucleosome position and/or composition. [Pg.362]

TBP-RNA polymerase) (ii) they are potent histone acetyl transferases inducing chromatin remodeling (loosening). [Pg.1228]

Chromatin Remodeling Is an Important Aspect of Eukaryotic Gene Expression... [Pg.383]

Chromatin remodeling, transcription factor modification by various enzyme activities, and the communication between the nuclear receptors and the basal transcription apparatus are accomplished by protein-protein interactions with one or more of a class of coregulator molecules. The number of these coregulator molecules now exceeds 100, not counting species variations and splice variants. The first of these to be described was the CREB-binding protein, CBP. CBP, through an amino terminal domain, binds to phosphorylated serine 137 of CREB and mediates transactivation in response to cAMP. It thus is described as a coactivator. CBP and... [Pg.471]

Mahmoudi T, Parra M, Vries RG, Kauder SE, Verrijzer CP, Ott M, Verdin E (2006) The SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex is a cofactor for Tat transactivation of the HIV promoter. J Biol... [Pg.114]

Pereira LA, Bentley K, Peelers A, ChurchiU MJ, Deacon NJ (2000) A compilation of cellular transcription factor interactions with the HIV-1 LTR promoter. Nucleic Acids Res 28(3) 663-668 Persaud D, Zhou Y, Siliciano JM, Siliciano RF (2003) Latency in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection no easy answers. J Virol 77(3) 1659-1665 Peterson CL, Tamkun JW (1995) The SWI-SNF complex a chromatin remodeling machine Trends Biochem Sci 20(4) 143-146... [Pg.115]

Treand C, du Chene I, Bres V, Kieman R, Benarous R, Benkirane M, Emdiani S (2006) Requirement for SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex in Tat-mediated activation of the HIV-1 promoter. EMBO J 25(8) 1690-1699... [Pg.117]

WUson CJ, Chao DM, Imbalzano AN, Schnitzler GR, Kingston RE, Young RA (1996) RNA polymerase II holoenzyme contains SWI/SNF regulators involved in chromatin remodeling. Cell 84(2) 235-244... [Pg.117]

Volume 375. Chromatin and Chromatin Remodeling Enzymes (Part A) Edited by C. David Allis and Carl Wu... [Pg.34]

Nagaich, A. K., Walker, D. A., Wolford, R. and Hager, G. L. Rapid periodic binding and displacement of the glucocorticoid receptor during chromatin remodelling. Mol. Cell 14 163-174, 2004. [Pg.470]

However, the packing of DNA into nucleosome-like structures is not unique to eukarya similar structures appear in archaea (reviewed in Reeve et al., 1997). Additionally, histones and minichromosome maintenance proteins (MCM) are widespread among eukarya and archaea and absent in prokarya, and the eukaryotic chromo domain has a structure that is highly reminiscent of archaeal histones that are involved in formation of archaeal chromatin (Ball et al., 1997). Consequently, it is possible that chromatin remodeling in eukaryotes is an elaboration of a similar cellular mechanism in archaea. [Pg.231]

Olave lA, Reck-Peterson SL, Crabtree GR (2002) Nuclear actin and actin-related proteins in chromatin remodeling. Annu Rev Biochem 71 755-781... [Pg.27]

THE MANY FUNCTIONS OF ATP-DEPENDENT CHROMATIN REMODELLING FACTORS... [Pg.33]

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