Improvisation

Extensional Viscosity. AH three types of extensional viscosity can be measured (101,103) uniaxial, biaxial, and pure shear. Only a few commercial instmments are available, however, and most measurements are made with improvised equipment. Extensional viscosity of polymer melts can be estimated from converging flow (entrance pressure) or from a melt strength drawdown test (208). 

EinaHy, the work must be fixed in a tangible medium of expression. To a very limited extent, there are some works that are not so fixed, such as purely improvised and unrecorded pieces of music or choreography extemporaneous speeches or five, unrecorded, and ephemeral broadcasts. Unfixed works are protected by state common law copyright, and not the federal statute. Under the federal law, however, all works that are so fixed are governed exclusively by the federal statute. 

Method of Adding Liquids When the addition of hquids may be desirable (see Dust Formation and Elec trostatic Charge ), this should be considered when designing the mixing system rather than hastily improvised. The purpose of the liquid shomd be considered, whether for (I) dust suppression, (2) product, or (3) heating and cooling. If a viscous hquid must be well distributed, this requirement should be considered when choosing the mixer. 

A brief description of the insulating materials in use for different classes of insulation is given below to provide an introduction to the types of materials being used in the preparation of a particular class of insulation. The actual ingredients may be an improvised version of these materials, in view of continuous research and development in this field, to search for still better and more suitable materials. 

Below we describe improvised bus systems to limit the reactance and hence the voltage drop and obtain an inductively balanced system to achieve a balanced voltage and equal load sharing by the three phases at the far end. The systems are... 

WE BELIEVE that a need exists for a book to help the chemist or biochemist who wishes to purify the reagents she or he uses. This need is emphasised by the previous lack of any satisfactory central source of references dealing with individual substances. Such a lack must undoubtedly have been a great deterrent to many busy research workers who have been left to decide whether to purify at all, to improvise possible methods, or to take a chance on finding, somewhere in the chemical literature, methods used by some previous investigators. 

The inherent contribution to reliability should be compressor assemblies that truly reflect dimensions intended by the designer. This in turn should make the compressor perform to the level intended. It should oi t -set the desire on the part of maintenance people to improvise when parts don t fit. This improvising can certainly become a problem as the original design intent is not normally known or understood at the field maintenance level. 

Improvisation in unfamiliar environments No routines or rules available for handling situation... 

It should be easier to obtain and follow the correct procedure than to improvise. 

To ensure that the water flows through the whole of the system as smoothly as possible and with the minimum of turbulence, it is vital that the layout of pipework should be planned before fabrication starts. It should not be the result of haphazard improvisation to avoid more and more obstacles as construction proceeds. Pipe runs should be minimised or run as directly as possible with every effort made to avoid features that might act as turbulence raisers. For this reason the number of flow controllers, process probes, bends, branches, valves, flanges, intrusive fittings, or mechanical deformation or damage to the pipework, should be kept to a minimum. 

Open Ammunition Space. Ground area prepared or improvised for storage of ammo in open areas to supplement magazine space Ref OrdTechTerm (1962), 210-L... 

The flexibility of data resource files also facilitate dynamic storage so that the user can generate variable names and values during program operation. This is done in the Identify section in which the user can save and later access data under improvised names. 

The user is able to customize the transform setup resource file to include as many custom scripts or unit transforms as desired for a particular application. In addition, the user can improvise operations on the fly. If the analyst decides to try plotting the data as a function of a reciprocal log, he takes the log and then reciprocal of the x-axis. If he decides to make this a regular option, he can enter it in the transform setup list under any name desired. Next time the transform option is called he will be able to select that operation by choosing it from the list under the name saved under. 

At the same time a somewhat smaller effort has been devoted to improvising and testing homemade or field expedient devices and techniques for accomplishing similar results. 

Since the manufactured, precision devices almost always will be more effective, more reliable, and easier to use, why spend time on improvising field expedients to do the job ... 

While most of the pertinent information on sabotage shelf items is available in catalogues and other publications, much of the improvisation know-how has remained in the minds or files of a few individuals. 

Plastics have an additional characteristic which makes them ideal for many of the improvisations described later. They can be sliced or molded into any desired shape or pressed snugly against an irregular target. 

Since good priming often means the difference between a successful shot and a misfire, or between a low order and a high order detonation, a brief summary of the precautions to take and the pitfalls to avoid might be useful before proceeding to actual improvisations. 

A number of improvised electrical, mechanical, or chemical means of accomplishing these various purposes are described and illustrated in this section. The techniques presented illustrate different principles which can be employed and by no means exhaust the possibilities. 

One of the more difficult things to improvise in the field is a substitute for a blasting cap. This section will discuss two feasible techniques one, the fabrication of a detonator by using a rifle, and two, cannibalizing the detonator from a fragmentation grenade. 

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