Hydroxybenzoic acid propyl ester

SYNS ASEPTOFORM P BETACIDE P BONOMOLD OP 4-HYDROXYBENZOIC ACID PROPYL ESTER p-HYDROXYBENZOIC ACID PROPYL ESTER NIPASOL p-OXYBENZOESAEUREPRO-PYLESTER (GERMAN) PARABEN PARj SEPT PASEPTOL PRESERVAL P PROPYL p-HYDROXY-BENZOATE n-PROP X p-HYDROXYBENZOATE PROPYLPARABEN (FCC) PROPYLPARASEPT PROTABEN P TEGOSEPT P... 

Synonym 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid propyl ester Source Cheng, K.-W. Tang, M. Chen, Y.-P. Fluid Phase Equil. (2002), 201(1), 79-96. 

Benzoic xid, 4-hydroxy-, propyl ester, sodium salt Caswell No. 714A EINECS 252488-1 EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 061204 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid, propyl ester, sodium salt Nipasol M Sodium Parasept Propyl p-hydroxybenzoate, sodium salt Propylparaben sodium Propylparaben, sodium salt Sodium 4-propoxy-carbonylphenoxide Sodium propylparaben. Preservative, bactericide, fungicide for pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, foods, medicinal preparations, industrial applications. Laboratories Ltd Nipa. 

Synonyms cas 94-13-3 aseptoformp betacidep bonomoldop 4-hydroxybenzoic acid propyl ester p-... 

Hydroxybenzoic acid, propyl ester p-Hydroxybenzolc acid, propyl ester. See Propylparaben... 

CAS 94-13-3 EINECS/ELINCS 202-307-7 FEMA 2951 INS216 E216 Synonyms 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid, propyl ester p-Hydroxybenzoic acid, propyl ester p-Hydroxypropyl benzoate Propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate n-Propyl p-hydroxybenzoate Propyl p-hydroxybenzoate Propyl parahydroxybenzoate Propyl parasept Classification Organic ester Definition Ester of n-propyl alcohol and p-hydroxybenzoic acid Empirical C10H12O3... 

Propyl parasept 4-hydroxybenzoic acid propyl ester Propyl parahydroxybenzoate Propylparaben Nipasol M E 216 (sodium salt E 217). 

HYDROXYBENZOIC ACID PROPYL ESTER NIPASOL p-OXYBENZOESAUREPROPYLESTER PARABEN PARASEPT PASEPTOL... 

Fig. 8.12. Growth inhibition of Aspergillus niger by benzoic acid ( ), p-hydroxybenzoic acid propyl ester (o) and sorbic acid (A)...

The use of preservative eombinations may be used to extend the range and speetrum of preservation. Thus, in the series of alkyl esters of 4-hydroxybenzoic (/ -hydroxybenzoic) acid (parabens), water solubility deereases in the order methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl ester. By eombining these produets it is possible to aehieve a situation where both the aqueous and oil phase of an emulsion are proteeted. 

C12 to C20, primarily Ci6 to ( is), used as surface lubricants in the manufacture of food-contact articles. The method, which uses ethyl palmitate (Eastman Chemicals No. 1575 Red Label) as an internal standard, has been validated at 200 ppm total FAME [185]. Other FAME standards (methyl palmitate, methyl stearate, methyl oleate, methyl linoleate and methyl linolenate) are available (Applied Science Laboratories) [116], Worked out examples of additive determinations are given in the Food Additives Analytical Manual [116], which also describes a great many of indirect food additives, such as BHA, BHT, TBHQ, l-chloro-2-propanol, DLTDP, fatty acid methyl esters, w-heptyl-p-hydroxybenzoate, propyl-gallate, sodium benzoate, sodium stearoyl-2-lactylate, sorbitol and phenolic antioxidants. EPA methods 606 and 8060 describe the CGC separation of phthalate esters (direct injection) (cf. Figure 4.2). 

These esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid have been used primarily to prevent growth of molds but in higher concentrations possess some weak antibacterial activity. Their effective use is limited by low aqueous solubility and by reports of stinging and burning sensations related to their use in the eye. They bind to a number of nonionic surfactants and polymers, thereby reducing their bioactivity. They are used in combination, with the methyl ester at 0.03-0.1% and the propyl ester at 0.01-0.02%. Parabens have also been shown to promote corneal absorption [140]. 

Liquid dosage forms which are disperse systems (colloidal, i.e., microspheres, nanoparticles, and micelles suspensions and emulsions) often contain preservatives which are methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl esters of para-hydroxybenzoic acid in various combinations. A typical example is the antacid suspensions which have high pH values which make the esters of the preservatives susceptible to hydrolysis. One way to circumvent this problem is to use several preservatives in combination with the hope that some quantities of the preservatives will remain to prevent the suspension from microbial attack. A report showing the assay of the four esters and the parent acid (one of the decomposition products) in drug products in which all the preservatives were used has been given [13]. 

These compounds include the methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl esters of para-hydroxybenzoic acid. In the United Slates and a number of other countries, the methyl and propyl esters are preferred, while European food processors favor the ethyl and butyl esters. The parabens were first described in 1924 as having antimicrobial activity and initially were used in cosmetic and pharmaceutical products. 

This part of the chapter describes HPLC techniques for the separation and determination of preservatives, as follows S02, postharvest preservatives (PPs), benzoic acid (BA), sorbic acid (SA), and the ethyl, methyl, propyl esters of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (EsHBA) and 5-nitrofury-lacrylic acid (5-NFA). The propionic, lactic, acetic acids are discussed in the chapter on organic acids. 

Figure 6.1 UV chromatograms of the test mixture of four / -hydroxybenzoic acid esters (1, methyl 2, ethyl 3, propyl 4, butyl) after the column and after the NMR flow cell at flow rates of (a) 1.0 and (b) 0.1 ml/min conditions column, LiChrospher RP select B, 125 x 4 mm id, 5 Jim, spectrometer, Bruker DRX 600 probe head, 4 mm z-gradient LC probe, active volume 120 a1 eluents, acetonitrile (A) and D2O (B) gradient, t = Omin A/B (40/60), t = 8 min A/B (70/30) at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and t = 80 min A/B (70/30) at a flow rate of 0.1 ml/min...

Esters of 3,4 -tri-hydroxybenzoic acid R = C3H7 (Propyl) ss CgHp (Octyl)... 

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