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Hydroxamate

More recently, alternative chemistries have been employed to coat oxide surfaces with SAMs. These have included carboxylic 1129, 1301, hydroxamic 11311, phosphonic 1124, 1321 and phosphoric acids 11331. Potential applications of SAMs on oxide surfaces range from protective coatings and adhesive layers to biosensors. [Pg.2623]

Folkers J P, Gorman C B, Laibinis P E, Buchholz S and Whitesides G M 1995 Self-assembled monolayers of long-chain hydroxamic acids on the native oxides of metals Langmuir 813-24... [Pg.2635]

As esters are usually difficult to detect, this test is of considerable value. In general esters react when heated with hydroxylamine to give a hydroxamic acid (I). The latter gives a coloured complex (II) with ferric salts in acid solution. [Pg.334]

Hydroxamic acid formation resembles amide formation (pp. 117-119) and therefore certain other classes of substances will respond to the test, e.g., acid chlorides and acid anhydrides, but these substances are readily distinguished by other reactions. [Pg.334]

Esters form hydroxamic acids which give colorations with ferric chloride. [Pg.355]

Hydroxamic acid formation cf. Section 9, p. 334). To a few drops of an ester, add 0 2 g. of hydroxylamine hydrochloride and about 5 ml. of 10% NaOH solution and gently boil the mixture for 1-2 minutes. Cool and acidify with dil. HCl and then add a few drops of ferric chloride solution. A violet or deep red-brown colour develops immediately. [Pg.355]

Acid chlorides and anhydrides give hydroxamic acids with... [Pg.364]

Hydroxamic acid formation. To 0 1 g. of acetic anhydride, add 0 1 g. of hydroxylamine hydrochloride and 5 ml. of 10% NaOH solution. Boil the mixture for i minute, cool and acidify with dilute... [Pg.365]

Both succinic and phthalic anhydride respond to the hydroxamic acid test (see 5 above). [Pg.366]

Ester formation. Heat under very efficient reflux 1 ml. of diethyl ether, 4 ml. of glacial acetic acid and i ml. of cone. H2SO4 for ro minutes. Distil off 2 ml. of liquid. Use a few drops of this liquid for the hydroxamic add test for esters (p. 334). Use the remainder for other tests for esters (p. 354). [Pg.396]

Esters react witli hydroxylamine to form an alcohol and a hydroxamic acid, RCONHOH. All hydroxamic acids, in acid solutions, react with ferric chloride to form coloured (usually violet) complex salts ... [Pg.1062]

Lactones, which may be regarded as cyclic or inner esters, react similarly. Anhydrides of carboxylic acids also react with hydroxylamine to form hydroxamic acids ... [Pg.1062]

It may be noted that primary aliphatic amides are readily converted by hydro-xylamlne hydrochloride into hydroxamic acids, which may be detected by the addition of ferric chloride solution ... [Pg.1062]

Acyl derivatives, RCO—NH—OH and HjN—O—CO—R, are named as A-hydroxy derivatives of amides and as O-acylhydroxylamines, respectively. The former may also be named as hydroxamic acids. Examples are A-hydroxyacetamide for CH3CO—NH—OH and O-acetylhydrox-ylamine for HjN—O—CO—CH3. Further substituents are denoted by prefixes with O- and/or A-locants. For example, C5H5NH—O—C2H5 would be O-ethyl-A-phenylhydroxylamine or A-ethox-ylaniline. [Pg.32]

Salts of thiols (170) or of sulfinic acids (171) react like the alkoxides, giving 4-alkylthio- or 4-alkylsulfono-substituted butyrates. Alkali cyanides give 4-cyanobutyrates (172), hydroxylamine gives a hydroxamic acid (173), and hydra2ine a hydra2ide (174). [Pg.111]

This reaction, conducted in alkaline solution, also produces carboxyl groups by hydrolysis of the amide (54). Recent work on the reaction of polyacrylamide with hydroxylamine indicates that maximum conversion to the hydroxamate fiinctionahty (—CONHOH) takes place at a pH > 12 (57). Apparendy, this reaction of hydroxylamine at high pH, where it is a free base, is faster than the hydrolysis of the amide by hydroxide ion. Previous studies on the reaction of hydroxylamine with low molecular weight amides indicated that a pH about 6.5 was optimum (55). [Pg.141]

Fig. 2. Functional groups on modified polyacrylamides (a) formed by reaction with dimethylamine and formaldehyde (Mannich reaction) (b), quatemized Mannich amine (c), carboxylate formed by acid or base-cataly2ed hydrolysis or copolymerization with sodium acrylate and (d), hydroxamate formed by... Fig. 2. Functional groups on modified polyacrylamides (a) formed by reaction with dimethylamine and formaldehyde (Mannich reaction) (b), quatemized Mannich amine (c), carboxylate formed by acid or base-cataly2ed hydrolysis or copolymerization with sodium acrylate and (d), hydroxamate formed by...
Acid Hydrolysis. With hot concentrated mineral acids, primary nitroparaffins yield a fatty acid and a hydroxylamine salt. If anhydrous acid and lower temperatures are used, the intermediate hydroxamic acid can be recovered. [Pg.99]

The acid chloride of i i7-nitromethane, CH2=N(C1)0 (mp —43°C, bp 2—3°C), is formed by fusion of nitromethane and picrylpyridinium chloride (36). It is hydroly2ed to nitro some thane, reduces potassium permanganate strongly, and exhibits no reactions characteristic of hydroxamic acids. [Pg.100]

The hydrogenolysis of hydroxamic acids (22) and hydra2ides (23) has also been used to synthesi2e amides. One of the earliest methods for the preparation of amides consists of treating acid chlorides with dry ammonia or an amine (24). [Pg.183]

To synthesize the monoxacetam stmctures (Fig. 6), alkylation of A/-protected 1-hydroxyazetidinones (46) with the appropriate haloacetic acid derivatives provided (47). Alternatively, (47) could be prepared from the acycHc hydroxamate ester (48). Deprotection of (47) furnished the zwitterionic intermediate (49) [90849-16-4] CgH2QN204, which subsequendy underwent acylation using the C-3 aminothiazole oxime side chain to afford SQ 82,291 (45) also known as oximonam (37). [Pg.66]

If primary or secondary amines are used, A/-substituted amides are formed. This reaction is called aminolysis. Hydra2ines yield the corresponding hydra2ides, which can then be treated with nitrous acid to form the a2ides used in the Curtius rearrangement. Hydroxylamines give hydroxamic acids. [Pg.388]

Ring substituents show enhanced reactivity towards nucleophilic substitution, relative to the unoxidized systems, with substituents a to the fV-oxide showing greater reactivity than those in the /3-position. In the case of quinoxalines and phenazines the degree of labilization of a given substituent is dependent on whether the intermediate addition complex is stabilized by mesomeric interactions and this is easily predicted from valence bond considerations. 2-Chloropyrazine 1-oxide is readily converted into 2-hydroxypyrazine 1-oxide (l-hydroxy-2(l//)-pyrazinone) (55) on treatment with dilute aqueous sodium hydroxide (63G339), whereas both 2,3-dichloropyrazine and 3-chloropyrazine 1-oxide are stable under these conditions. This reaction is of particular importance in the preparation of pyrazine-based hydroxamic acids which have antibiotic properties. [Pg.172]

Most of the naturally-occurring pyrazine hydroxamic acids appear to be derived from valine, leucine and isoleucine, and biosynthetic studies by MacDonald and coworkers (61JBC(236)512, 62JBC(237)1977, 65JBC(240)1692) indicate that these amino acids are incorporated. However, it would seem that the logical intermediates, viz. the 2,5-dioxopiperazines such as (111) and (112), are not always incorporated. This does not rule out their intermediacy, as there may be problems such as low solubility or membrane permeability which prevent their efficient incorporation. An exception to these results was reported for pulcherrimic acid (113) (65BJ(96)533), which has been shown to be derived from cyclo-L-leu-L-leu which serves as an efficient precursor. [Pg.191]

No simple pteridine 1- or 3-oxides are yet known. If the AT-atom of an amide function is formally oxidized, tautomerism favours the cyclic hydroxamic acid structure, as found for 3-hydroxypteridin-4-one (55JA3927), 1-hydroxylumazine (64JOC408) and 2,4-diamino-8-hydroxypteridin-7-ones (75JOC2332). [Pg.282]


See other pages where Hydroxamate is mentioned: [Pg.1063]    [Pg.1079]    [Pg.50]    [Pg.153]    [Pg.876]    [Pg.495]    [Pg.495]    [Pg.143]    [Pg.47]    [Pg.443]    [Pg.443]    [Pg.478]    [Pg.451]    [Pg.287]    [Pg.288]    [Pg.30]    [Pg.65]    [Pg.191]    [Pg.192]    [Pg.223]   
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0-Methyl hydroxamates

A-Heteroatom-substituted hydroxamic esters

ANGELI - RIMINI Hydroxamic acid synthesis

Acetoacetyl hydroxamates

Acidity hydroxamic acids

Actinide complexes hydroxamates

Actinide hydroxamates

Activated hydroxamate

Activation of the hydroxamic acid

Acyl hydroxamates

Acyl hydroxamates carboxylic acid anhydride

Acyl hydroxamates hydroxamic acids

Aldehydes hydroxamic acid synthesis

Aliphatic hydroxamic acid

Alkylation of Hydroxamic Acids

Amides hydroxamic acids

Amides hydroxamic esters

Amines acyl hydroxamates

Amino acid hydroxamates

Angeli-Rimini hydroxamic acid

Aqueous reactions hydroxamic acids

Azadispiro ketocyclic hydroxamic acids

Azadispiro ketocyclic hydroxamic acids oximes

Bacterial Hydroxamate Siderophores

Bapat, J. B., Black, D. StC., Brown Cyclic Hydroxamic Acids

Benzoxazinoid hydroxamic acids

Benzyl hydroxamates

Calixarene-hydroxamic acid

Carbon-nitrogen bonds hydroxamic acids

Carbonylation hydroxamic acid synthesis

Carboxamides hydroxamic acid derivative

Carboxylic acids hydroxamic acid synthesis

Chemical reactivity hydroxamic acids

Cinnamic Hydroxamic Acids

Cleavage Yielding Hydroxamates

Complexation hydroxamic adds

Coordination hydroxamic acids

Coprogens hydroxamic acids

Crystal structure hydroxamic acids

Cyclic hydroxamic acid a-hydroxylation

Cyclic hydroxamic acid-containing peptide

Cyclic hydroxamic acids

Cyclic hydroxamic acids formation

Cyclic hydroxamic acids naturally occurring

Cyclic hydroxamic acids oxidation

Cyclic hydroxamic acids reactions

Cyclic hydroxamic acids reduction

Cyclic hydroxamic acids synthesis

Cyclization of hydroxamates

Dimers hydroxamic esters

Electrochemical oxidation hydroxamic acids

Electrochemical reduction hydroxamic acids

Esters ferric hydroxamate test

Esters hydroxamic acid synthesis

Esters, hydroxamic acid test for

Esters, hydroxamic acid test for of inorganic acids

Esters, hydroxamic acid test for of phenols, hydrolysis

Esters, hydroxamic acid test for saponification

Esters, hydroxamic acid test for saponification equivalent

Ferric hydroxamate

Formation constants, hydroxamate

Formation constants, hydroxamate siderophore

Free hydroxamic acids

Glycine hydroxamic acid

HYDROXAMIC ACIDS AND THEIR DERIVATIVES

Heterocycle Hydroxamic Acids

Human histone deacetylase hydroxamic acids

Hydrazines hydroxamic acids

Hydrogen bonding hydroxamic acids

Hydrolysis hydroxamates

Hydroxamate actinide

Hydroxamate collectors

Hydroxamate complex

Hydroxamate complex, ferric

Hydroxamate complexes, model

Hydroxamate containing siderophores

Hydroxamate donor group

Hydroxamate functional groups

Hydroxamate group

Hydroxamate inhibitor

Hydroxamate ion

Hydroxamate iron chelators

Hydroxamate ligands

Hydroxamate method

Hydroxamate model

Hydroxamate residues

Hydroxamate siderophore

Hydroxamate structure

Hydroxamate test

Hydroxamate(s)

Hydroxamate/hydroxamic acid

Hydroxamates

Hydroxamates

Hydroxamates 50-Hydroxamic acid

Hydroxamates Miller hydroxamate

Hydroxamates cleavage

Hydroxamates cyclization

Hydroxamates dephosphorylation

Hydroxamates ferrichromes

Hydroxamates ferrioxamines

Hydroxamates metal complexes

Hydroxamates polymer-supported

Hydroxamates, O-acyl selenodecomposition

Hydroxamates, O-acyl selenodecomposition photolysis

Hydroxamates, O-acyl selenodecomposition synthesis of alkyl 2-pyridyl selenides

Hydroxamates, O-acyl thiocarboxyl radicals from

Hydroxamates, O-acyl thiocarboxyl radicals from alkyl 2-pyridyl sulfides

Hydroxamates, O-acyl thiocarboxyl radicals from decarboxylative iodination

Hydroxamates, O-acyl thiocarboxyl radicals from decomposition

Hydroxamates, O-acyl thiocarboxyl radicals from fragmentation

Hydroxamates, O-acyl thiocarboxyl radicals from noralkyl hydroperoxides

Hydroxamates, O-acyl thiocarboxyl radicals from photolysis

Hydroxamates, O-acyl thiocarboxyl radicals from reaction with tris phosphorus

Hydroxamates, O-acyl thiocarboxyl radicals from reductive decarboxylation

Hydroxamates, iron removal from

Hydroxamates, ligands

Hydroxamates, preparation

Hydroxamates, siderophores

Hydroxamic Acids and Hydrazides

Hydroxamic Acids and Oximes

Hydroxamic N-subst

Hydroxamic acid

Hydroxamic acid benzyl esters

Hydroxamic acid benzyl esters acids)

Hydroxamic acid benzyl esters hydroxamates

Hydroxamic acid biological activity

Hydroxamic acid chlorides

Hydroxamic acid chlorides base treatment

Hydroxamic acid chlorides nitrile oxides from

Hydroxamic acid deprotonated

Hydroxamic acid derivatives

Hydroxamic acid derivatives acids

Hydroxamic acid derivatives anhydrides

Hydroxamic acid derivatives carboxylic acids

Hydroxamic acid derivatives compounds

Hydroxamic acid derivatives halides

Hydroxamic acid derivatives isocyanates

Hydroxamic acid derivatives ureas

Hydroxamic acid esters Thiohydroxamic acids)

Hydroxamic acid esters acids)

Hydroxamic acid esters cyclic

Hydroxamic acid esters halides

Hydroxamic acid esters isocyanates

Hydroxamic acid esters lactams

Hydroxamic acid esters lactones

Hydroxamic acid esters reactions with

Hydroxamic acid formation

Hydroxamic acid glucosides

Hydroxamic acid halides

Hydroxamic acid preparation

Hydroxamic acid siderophores

Hydroxamic acid test

Hydroxamic acid vinylogues

Hydroxamic acid(s)

Hydroxamic acid, 3-hydroxy-2-naphtho

Hydroxamic acid, alcohol epoxidation

Hydroxamic acids 0-benzoyl

Hydroxamic acids 1,4-dihydroxy

Hydroxamic acids 3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangements

Hydroxamic acids 805 hydroxides

Hydroxamic acids Diels-Alder reactions

Hydroxamic acids Hofmann rearrangement

Hydroxamic acids Lossen reaction

Hydroxamic acids Lossen rearrangements

Hydroxamic acids Subject

Hydroxamic acids Weinreb amides

Hydroxamic acids acid imides)

Hydroxamic acids acid sites

Hydroxamic acids actinides

Hydroxamic acids aldehydes

Hydroxamic acids analytical reagents

Hydroxamic acids benzo

Hydroxamic acids carbonylation

Hydroxamic acids chiral

Hydroxamic acids complexes with bases

Hydroxamic acids compounds

Hydroxamic acids conjugates

Hydroxamic acids esters

Hydroxamic acids ethers

Hydroxamic acids ferrichromes

Hydroxamic acids ferrioxamines

Hydroxamic acids formation from peptides

Hydroxamic acids from acyl halides

Hydroxamic acids from esters

Hydroxamic acids from hydroxylamine

Hydroxamic acids from nitro compounds

Hydroxamic acids hydrolysis

Hydroxamic acids hydroxylamine reactions

Hydroxamic acids in reprocessing irradiated nuclear fuels

Hydroxamic acids in uranium ore processing

Hydroxamic acids ligands

Hydroxamic acids mechanism

Hydroxamic acids metal complexes

Hydroxamic acids methods

Hydroxamic acids minerals

Hydroxamic acids nitroso derivatives

Hydroxamic acids oxidation

Hydroxamic acids oxidation hydroxamate moiety

Hydroxamic acids oxidation mechanism

Hydroxamic acids oxidation structures

Hydroxamic acids oxidation system

Hydroxamic acids periodate

Hydroxamic acids polymer-bound

Hydroxamic acids protective groups

Hydroxamic acids radiolytic degradation

Hydroxamic acids reaction with aromatic compounds

Hydroxamic acids reaction with periodate

Hydroxamic acids reaction with phenolic

Hydroxamic acids reactions

Hydroxamic acids rearrangement

Hydroxamic acids rearrangement reactions

Hydroxamic acids reduction

Hydroxamic acids release

Hydroxamic acids sequestering agents

Hydroxamic acids solid-phase synthesis

Hydroxamic acids solvent extraction

Hydroxamic acids stability constants

Hydroxamic acids structural effects

Hydroxamic acids sulfonyl compounds

Hydroxamic acids synthesis

Hydroxamic acids tautomerism

Hydroxamic acids titanium trichloride

Hydroxamic acids ureas

Hydroxamic acids, Lossen degradation

Hydroxamic acids, N-subst

Hydroxamic acids, O-acylLossen reaction

Hydroxamic acids, alternative

Hydroxamic acids, biosynthesis

Hydroxamic acids, cyclic acidity

Hydroxamic acids, detection

Hydroxamic acids, effect

Hydroxamic acids, from

Hydroxamic acids, substituted

Hydroxamic acylimines

Hydroxamic adds

Hydroxamic chlorides, reaction with

Hydroxamic cyclic

Hydroxamic derivatives

Hydroxamic derivatives Subject

Hydroxamic derivs

Hydroxamic esters

Hydroxamic esters oxidation

Hydroxamic halides

Hydroxamic hydroxycarboxylic acid

Hydroxamic reactions, review

Hydroxamic replacements

Hydroxamic special

Hydroxamic startg

Hydroxylamine hydroxamic acid formation

Hydroxylamines and Hydroxamic acids

Imines hydroxamic acids, cyclic

Inhibitors hydroxamates

Intramolecular hydrogen bonding hydroxamic acids

Iron chloride hydroxamic acid complexes

Iron complexes hydroxamates

Iron complexes hydroxamic acids

Iron hydroxamate complex, formation

Iron hydroxamate complexes

Iron-hydroxamic acid method

Isocyanates hydroxamic acids

Isoxazole-3-hydroxamic acid

Lactams hydroxamic acids

Lossen rearrangement related hydroxamic acids

Miller hydroxamate, synthesis

Miller’s hydroxamate approach

Mitsunobu hydroxamic acids

Molybdenum complexes hydroxamic acids

N,O-Diacylhydroxylamines s. Acyl hydroxamates

N-Acylhydroxylamines s. Hydroxamic acids

N-Alkyl urea hydroxamic acids

N-Hydroxylactams s. Hydroxamic acids, cyclic

Nitroso compounds, acylsynthesis via oxidation of hydroxamic acids and

Non-hydroxamates

O-Acyl hydroxamic acids

O-Acylated hydroxamic acids

O-Alkyl hydroxamic acids

O-acyl hydroxamate

O-methyl hydroxamates

Octyl hydroxamate

Of cyclic hydroxamic acids

Oxazoline hydroxamates

Peptide hydroxamates, preparation

Peptide hydroxamic acids

Phenyl Hydroxamic Acids

Precipitation hydroxamic acids

Proline-3-alkylsuccinyl hydroxamate

Protective groups, hydroxamic acid synthesis

Pyridine-3-hydroxamic acid

Reaction with hydroxamic acid

Reactions, 390 hydroxamates

Rearrangement, of: (cont hydroxamic acid

Retro-hydroxamates

Retro-hydroxamates ferrichromes

SAHA (suberoylanilide hydroxamic

Salicyl-hydroxamic add

Sarin hydrolysis of, by hydroxamic acid

Siderophores citrate-hydroxamate

Siderophores hydroxamate

Siderophores hydroxamate type

Siderophores hydroxamic acid units

Siderophores with Two Hydroxamic Acid Units

Stoichiometry, hydroxamate complexes

Suberoyl anilide hydroxamic acid

Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid

Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid SAHA)

Substitution hydroxamic acid synthesis

Substitution hydroxamic acids

Synthesis of Cyclic Hydroxamic Acids

Thioaryl sulfonamide hydroxamic acid compounds

Transition metal complexes hydroxamates

Vanadium complexes hydroxamic acids

Weinreb Derivatives and Hydroxamates

Wheat hydroxamic acid

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