Hydrophobic poly ,

Cationic hydrophobic Poly(4-vinylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride), poly(N-methyl-2-vinylpyridinium) iodide salt 0.5 M acetic acid with 0.3 M Na2SO,... 

Figure 14 IL-6 inducing activity of Kuttu-clean treated and untreated hydrophobized poly(MA-CDA)s from human peripheral whole blood cell culture. The doses of polyfMA-CDA)s were 100, 10, and 1 /ig/ml. The doses of the LPS were 1 ng/ml, 100 pg/ml, and 10 pg/ml.

MAIs may also be formed free radically when all azo sites are identical and have, therefore, the same reactivity. In this case the reaction with monomer A will be interrupted prior to the complete decomposition of all azo groups. So, Dicke and Heitz [49] partially decomposed poly(azoester)s in the presence of acrylamide. The reaction time was adjusted to a 37% decomposition of the azo groups. Surface active MAIs (M, > 10 ) consisting of hydrophobic poly(azoester) and hydrophilic poly(acrylamide) blocks were obtained (see Scheme 22) These were used for emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate—in the polymerization they act simultaneously as emulsifiers (surface activity) and initiators (azo groups). Thus, a ternary block copolymer was synthesized fairly elegantly. 

Solubilization of a graft copolymer comprising a hydrophobic poly(dodecyl-methacrylate) backbone and hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether side chains in water/AOT/cyclohexane w/o microemulsions was rationalized in terms of the backbone dissolved in the continuous apolar phase and the side chains entrapped within the aqueous micellar cores [189],... 

RA Siegel, M Falamarzian, BA Firestone, BC Moxley. pH controlled release from hydrophobic poly electrolyte copolymer hydrogels. J Controlled Release 8 179-182, 1988. 

Table 4. Formation of solid-state complexes between cyclodextrins and hydrophobic poly-mers/oligomers with various chain sectional area... 

Jeong JH, Park TG. Novel polymer-DNA hybrid polymeric micelles composed of hydrophobic poly(DL-lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) and hydrophiUc oligonucleotides. Bioconjugate Chem 2001 12 917-923. 

Amphiphilic block copolymers consisting of a hydrophobic (poly(ethyl ethylene) (PEE) and a hydrophilic polyethylene oxide)(PEO) block form monolayers at the air-water interface. The schematic molecular arrangement of this diblock is shown in Fig. 3.26. 

The synthesis of giant amphiphiles was recently reported by Meijer et al, who linked a linear hydrophobic poly(styrene) block to a dendritic poly(propyleneimine) as a polar head group. The association structure was found to vary with the dendrimer generation changing Irom inverse micelles for poly(styrene-JenJr-(NH2)4) through vesicles and rod-like micelles to spherical aggregates for poly-(styrene-fife fi r-(NH2)32 [210]. 

Analysis of the scattering data yielded information about the structure of the polymer layer at the interface and, in particular, allowed determination of the polymer volume fraction profile as a function of distance from the oil-water interface. The profiles obtained were consistent with the hydrophobic poly (propylene oxide) blocks bound to the surface of the droplet while the hydrophilic poly(ethylene oxide) blocks were largely present as tails. The authors also determined the effect of salt on the conformation of the adsorbed polymer layer. 

Upon ultraviolet irradiation, trans CHP isomerized to the cis form (around 10%), and the aqueous solution viscosity decreased as much as 80%. The conformation change was interpreted as follows. The anionic linear and planar eA -trans CHP would attach itself to the hydrophobic poly(methacrylic add) backbone, teading to an extended polymer conformation. In the cis form, azo-dyes are much more hydrophilic. Consequently, the cis form was envisaged as binding less strongly so that the polymer chain would be less extended. 

The amphiphilic diblock copolymer has been synthesized in the group of Stephan Forster (University of Hamburg). It consists of a polystyrene sulfonic acid) block of 144 monomers and a hydrophobic poly(ethylethylene) block of 136 monomers. It is called PSSH-PEE in the following discussion. Synthetic details are described elsewhere [18]. The films of the diblock copolymers are made from pure aqueous polymer solutions without any further surfactant. The concentration of the diblock copolymers is given in gL 1-... 

Figure 6. Interaction of a water droplet with 200 micron features of a patterned polymer brush prepared by surface-initiated polymerization. The unusual wetting profile is due to preferential interaction of the water droplet with the polymery lie acid) brush domains (light) and complete non-wetting of the hydrophobic poly(tert-butyl acrylate) domains (dark).

Figure 15 (A) A hydrophobic poly(lysine)-based dendrimer with 64 alkyl surface groups and a glycine core, as synthesized by T. Sakthivel. (B) a PAMAM dendrimer showing the terminal amine groups. Abbreviation-. PAMAM, polyamidoamine.

A water-soluble block copolymer composed of hydrophilic poly(ethylene oxide) and hydrophobic poly(styrene-co-vinyl-imidazole) was synthesized (3). Cu ion was complexed with the imidazole residue of the central hydrophobic residue. The com-plexation of about one Cu ion per block copolymer molecule resulted in a pale-blue aqueous and homogeneous solution. 

Borrega R., Tribet C., Audebert R. Reversible gelation in hydrophobic poly-electrolyte/protein mixtures an example of cross-links between soft and hard colloids. Macromolecules 1999 32(23) 7798-7806. 

Polymethacrylic acid, PMA, is composed of vinyl polymer backbone as with PAA molecules, but a carbons attached to carboxyl groups are bonded to methyl groups instead of hydrogen atoms. This rather hydrophobic poly-carboxylic acid shows a peculiar acid dissociation behavior. As is illustrated... 

Although these systems protect biological drugs against enzymes and degradation due to environmental conditions, other parameters must be carefully evaluated when preparing microspheres. The elaboration of these systems with hydrophobic poly-... 

NMR spectroscopic analysis finally proved that the poly(ethylene oxide) blocks are firmly anchored in the inorganic phase rather than being located at the interphase adjacent to the hydrophobic domains. Solid-state NMR spectroscopy revealed that this anchoring leads to a substantial hindrance of the conformational mobility in the poly(ethylene oxide) chains compared with the relatively mobile hydrophobic poly(isoprene) [44]. 

Two possible scenarios can be envisaged for the structure of the hybrid material (see Fig. 11). The poly(ethylene oxide) block, albeit strongly interacting and partially penetrating, forms a pure PEO layer at the interface to the hydrophobic poly(isoprene) (Fig. 11, left-hand sketch) ( three-phase system). The other possibility is the complete dissolution of the PEO chains in the aluminosilicate, which results in the two-phase system depicted in the right-hand sketch of Fig. 11. Spin-diffusion NMR experiments showed that there appears to be no dynamic heterogeneity in the poly(ethylene oxide) chains, as would be expected for a three-phase system, giving rise to the conclusion that the hydrophilic... 

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