Solid state complexes

Iminoboranes (continued) in transition metal complexes, 31 165-167 X-ray structural studies, 31 135 Iminofluorosulfinamide ions, 19 206-208 Iminofluorosulfonylamide ions, 19 200 Iminolithium complexes, solid-state structures, 37 67-75 dimers, 37 68-70 trimers, 37 68-70... 

O NMR spectroscopy, 185-6 solid state stractures, 1061-3 synthesis, 1057-9 /r-Peroxo complexes solid state stmctures, 1064-8 synthesis, 1059-61 Peroxodisulfate concentration monitoring, 744 etching formulations, 623 Peroxomonosulfate, concentration monitoring, 744... 

Watanabe, M. and Mizumura, T., Conductivity study on ionic liquid/polymer complexes. Solid State Ionics, 86-88, 353,1996. 

Clays are layered crystalline materials and contain large amounts of water within and between the layers (Keller, 1985). Heating the clays above 100°C can drive out some or all of this water at higher temperatures, the clay structures themselves can undergo complex solid-state reactions. Such behavior makes the chemistry of clays a fascinating field of study in its own right. 

The second way of forming nanoparticles of PE-surfs is to use water-soluble block-copolymers with one complexable (ionic) block and one non-com-plexable (nonionic) block. For example, the mesomorphous complexes (solid state) between poly(ethylene oxide)—b-poly(ethylene imine)s and dodecanoic acid can easily by dispersed in water to form nanoparticles [117]. The nanoparticles are of core-shell type and have sizes around 200 nm. Their cores are formed by poly( ethylene imine) dodecanoate while their shells consist of poly(ethylene oxide). It was found that the shapes of the nanoparticles depend on the PEI block. They are, for example, prolate if the PEI is linear and spherical if the PEI is branched. 

A low degree of tacticity is obtained because these monomer-orienting forces are quite weak. Thus, polymer stereoregularity is achieved only with certain suitable monomers and at low temperatures. Increased tacticity can be achieved in some cases by using monomer-orienting forces other than the catalyst or the polymer end groups, but these have rather limited utility (canal complexes, solid state polymerizations, etc.). Simple polymerization systems fall outside the scope of this review and are not discussed further. 

Despite of applications in geochemistry and in crystal growth long before, the hydrothermal technique has only recently been exploited in the routine preparation of inorganic materials. Nevertheless, hydrothermal and related syntheses have evolved into an area of rapidly increasing importance for the preparation of new and structurally complex solid-state compounds [15-18]. It was only during the last two decades that borates synthesized by utilizing hydrothermal and related techniques have occasionally been reported [19,20]. 

Some solid-state metal hydrides are commercially (and in some cases potentially) very important because they are a safe and efficient way to store highly flammable hydrogen gas (for example, in nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) batteries). However, from a structural and theoretical point of view many aspects of metal-hydrogen bonding are still not well understood, and it is hoped that the accurate analysis of H positions in the various interstitial sites of the previously described covalent, molecular metal hydride cluster complexes will serve as models for H atoms in binary or more complex solid state hydride systems. For example, we can speculate that the octahedral cavities are more spacious in which H atoms can rattle around , while tetrahedral sites have less space and may even have to experience some expansion to accommodate a H atom. 

The jeio-aryldipyrrytmethanoato (adpm) acetylacetonato Cu(II) complexes (1) show in the UV-vis spectra the characteristic charge-transfer band at 494 nm " of heteroleptic [Cu(adpm)(acac)j complexes. For Cu(dik)2 type of complexes solid-state electronic spectra show the intraligand tt-tt transitions of the acac ligand in the 270-340 nm region, whereas LMCT transitions appear in the 400-420 nm range. 

Metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) is a well-established, practical technique for forming simple as well as complex solid state films (130). For binary systems the conventional approach is to use mixtures of the most readily available molecules containing the elements of interest. This approach has been employed to prepare borides of several types. For example, iron-boron alloys have been pre-... 

Varma, R. S., Naicker, K. P. The Urea-Hydrogen Peroxide Complex Solid-State Oxidative Protocols for Hydroxylated Aldehydes and Ketones (Dakin Reaction), Nitriles, Sulfides, and Nitrogen Heterocycles. Org. Lett. 1999,1, 189-191. 

The derivatives of the inorganic phosphorus acids are usually intractable powders which are unsuitable for X-ray diffraction, but those of the organic phosphorus acids are often crystalline and a series of complex solid-state structures which have been described as drums, cubes, oxygen-capped clusters, butterfly formations, crowns, and extended clusters32-51 have been identified. 

The complex solid state relations of the cerium-molybdenum- tellurium oxide system were studied to determine the boundaries of single phase regions and phase distributions of a typical multicomponent ammoxidation catalyst. Between 400 and 600 C in air the (Ce,Mo,Te)0 system contains the following phases ... 

We have recently identified and characterized several new ternary oxides (Ce,Mo,Te)0( 3), after studying over 100 different compositions calcined in air at temperatures between 400 and 600 C. Combined with the knowledge of the (Te,Mo)0, (Ce,Mo)0, and (Ce,Te)0 chemistry, which was developed in the last decade, it is now possible to describe the complex solid-state relations of the ternary (Ce,Mo,Te)0 system. The results culminated in the identification of the active phase composition of a typical (Ce,Mo,Te)0 acrylonitrile catalyst. 

Lemanov, VV, Popov, S.N., Pankova, G.A. Piezoelectric properties of some crystalline amino acids and their complexes. Solid State Physics (Fiz. Tv. Tela). 44(10) (2002) 1840-1846. 

All the calculations were performed on the bare complexes solid-state NMR data were taken for comparison (see Table 1). 

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