Hydrolysis systems

Key Design Parameters for the GATS Projectile Agent Hydrolysis System, 105... 

Chemical agent and energetic materials are decomposed in three separate hydrolysis systems. 

HAAP and BAE Systems were responsible for design, installation and operation of a hydrolysis reactor system. The design of the hydrolysis system was done by BAE Systems, in consultation with TACOM-ARDEC. 

The Area 200 hydrolysis system for metal parts treatment involves moving parts-containing baskets through a corrosive environment consisting of hot (90°C) NaOH solution. Although the drive system for these baskets is now designed to be outside the bath, the committee nonetheless believes this still to be high-maintenance equipment. No data are available to assess the maintenance that will be required. 

The spent activated carbon from plant HVAC filters and from respirators is first heat-treated in a heated, helical screw conveyor to drive off agent and is then reduced to less than 0.5 mm in a wet spent carbon grinder. Offgas from the processing of the carbon will be treated by the gas treatment system of either the projectile rotary hydrolyzer (PRH) or the ERH. The micronized carbon is mixed with water in the hydropulper (Step 9) and separately processed through the SCWO reactors of the energetics hydrolysis system. 

In this chapter, only those examples are offered in which shells of metal (hydrous) oxides on various cores were formed by forced hydrolysis. Systems... 

The rate of hydrolysis is dependent on the mineral, lactose, and galactose concentrations, as well as on the temperature and pH. Many kinetic studies are available on lactose hydrolysis systems and enzymes (MacBean 1979). Inhibition of hydrolysis can be caused by galactose or sodium and calcium ions, so demineralization is often necessary. 

E Tatar, M Khalifa, G Zaray, I Molnar-Perl. Comparison of the recovery of amino acids in vapor-phase hydrolysates of proteins performed in a Pico Tag work station and in a microwave hydrolysis system. J Chromatogr A 672 109-115, 1994. 

Acid hydrolysis of cellulosic materials has been studied for many years (13,33). Although it is a relatively straightforward process, it has the problems of requiring acid-resistant equipment and yielding a poor grade of sugar (because the product contains many reaction product impurities). However, in terms of practical application, acid hydrolysis of cellulosic material is by far the most commonly used hydrolysis system. 

Isolated inulinase is utilized for either batch hydrolysis of inulin or immobilization for flowthrough column hydrolysis systems. For example, purified inulinase from K. fragilis has been immobilized on 2-aminoethyl cellulose (Kim et al., 1982). 

Starch conversion refers to the process of converting starch into other products. It involves gelatinization, liquefaction, and saccharification. Liquefaction refers to the acid-or enzyme-catalyzed conversion of starch into maltodextrin. Starch, usually from wet milling of com, is pumped in a slurry to the conversion plant, where it undergoes one or more hydrolytic processes to yield mixtures of various carbohydrates in the form of syrups. The kind and amount of the various carbohydrates obtained depend upon the type of hydrolysis system used (acid, acid-enzyme, or enzyme-enzyme), the extent to which the hydrolytic reaction is allowed to proceed, and the type of enzyme(s) used. The fact that most starches consist of two different kinds of polymers... 

Microwave-assisted hydrolysis systems equipped with temperature regulators suitable for quality control of protein products are now available. In fact, microwave hydrolysis is the sole technique in which the acid temperature and vapour pressure are measured directly, in situ. Other devices measure the temperature of a heating unit such as metal heating block or oven surrounding a hydrolysis chamber. 

Is the process scalable so that it can address small, medium, and large munition finds The process appears to be scalable. Conventional liquid phase reactors are used, and these can be purchased in a wide range of sizes. The process is scalable and can be used for essentially any size find. For very small finds, other technologies may be more appropriate. Alternatively, it can be combined with neutralization, or incineration can be used only to destroy neutralents (e.g., hydrolysates) or neutralents and energetics. RRS and SCANS are intended for use on small quantities of CAIS. Neutralization and hydrolysis can be used for small or large finds. Neutralization and hydrolysis systems can be built at any desired capacity. 

Table V-9 Experimental equilibrium data for tbe zirconium hydrolysis system...

Table D-1 Experimental equilibrium data for the zirconium hydrolysis system according to the equilibria mZv +q p Zr ,(OII) " + ir...

Hydrolysis is accomplished in a system of reservoirs, heaters, and pumps through which a hot emulsion of amyl alcohol, water, and sodium oleate is circulating at the rate of 500 gpm. Amyl chlorides and an aqueous solution of caustic soda are continuously pumped into this circulation material, and two products are continuously withdrawn (1) a saturated salt solution, which is returned to electrolytic cells for manufacture of chlorine and caustic soda, and (2) a vapor containing principally arnyb alcohols. Three hundred gallons of amyl chloride is present at all times in the hydrolysis system, and 300 gal is hydrolyzed each hour. 

DSHS dunnage-shredder hydrolysis system MAY modified ammunition van... 

The unit operations tested during the EDS phase are the dunnage shredder hydrolysis system (DSHS), the energetic rotary hydrolyzer (ERH), and the SCWO reactor. The testing of the SCWO reactor had not been completed when this report was prepared. 

Figure 4-3 is a flow diagram of energetics neutralization in the Parsons/Honeywell process. The feed to the energetics hydrolysis system is a slurry of burster energetics consisting of tetryl, tetrytol, or a mixture of TNT and tetryl, depending... 

Recommendation (Pueblo) PH-3. The energetics hydrolysis studies at Holston Army Ammunition Plant should be taken into consideration in the design and preparation of operating procedures for the Parsons/Honeywell energetics hydrolysis system. 

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