Hydrogen form saturation capacities

The temperature programmed desorption (t.p.d) of n-hexane from the sodium and hydrogen forms of ZSM-5. ZSM-11 and THETA-1 have been studied. The t.p.d profiles have been analysed by a newly developed method. From these analyses peak temperatures, peak widths, maximum rates of desorption and activation energies of desorption as a function of coverage have been obtained. The saturation capacities of these high silica zeolites for n-hexane have also been determined. The effect of change of cation on all of these quantities is demonstrated. 

Each isomer has its individual set of physical and chemical properties however, these properties are similar (Table 6). The fundamental chemical reactions for pentanes are sulfonation to form sulfonic acids, chlorination to form chlorides, nitration to form nitropentanes, oxidation to form various compounds, and cracking to form free radicals. Many of these reactions are used to produce intermediates for the manufacture of industrial chemicals. Generally the reactivity increases from a primary to a secondary to a tertiary hydrogen (37). Other properties available but not Hsted are given in equations for heat capacity and viscosity (34), and saturated Hquid density (36). 

Hydrolysis of D-(+)-1 (3-methoxyphenyl)-2-aminopropane 2.42 mols (40 g) of the compound are dissolved In 8N hydrochloric acid in a bomb tube consisting of stainless steel and having a capacity of 500 ml. Hydrogen chloride gas is passed into the ice-cooled solution until this is saturated. The solution is then heated to 130°C for 2 hours in an air bath. After cooling and driving off the hydrochloric acid at a slightly elevated temperature, the hydrochloride of the 3-hydroxyphenyl derivative is present in the form of a yellowish syrup. 

Besides feed properties and operational variables, the type of catalyst has a profound effect on hnal olehns level in the gasoline prodnct. Catalysis with better metal tolerance, especially to nickel and vanadium, are most suitable for olehn reduction. Catalyst capacity to saturate olehns and to form corresponding paraffins depend upon the hydrogen transfer index (HTI). 

Alkanes are already saturated, ie all their C-H bonds are single sigma bonds, and so they do not have any capacity to take up hydrogen. In alkenes the double bond can be opened up to add on a molecule of hydrogen gas H2, and the corresponding alkane is formed. 

Dihydroxybenzaldehyde 5 9 0 A reaction flask (500-ml capacity) is fitted with an efficient stirrer, a reflux condenser, and a wide gas-inlet tube the end of the condenser is connected to, successively, a wash-bottle containing sulfuric acid, an empty safety flask, and a tube that passes over the surface of a sodium hydroxide solution. Resorcinol (20 g) and anhydrous ether (150-200 ml) are placed in the reaction flask, and anhydrous zinc cyanide (1.5 equivalents) is added. Then a rapid stream of dry gaseous hydrogen chloride is passed in. The zinc cyanide disappears as a milky mixture is formed and as the hydrogen chloride dissolves, the imide hydrochloride condensation product separates as a thick oil which solidifies in 10-30 min. The ether is usually saturated in 1.5 h, after which hydrogen chloride is passed in slowly for a further 0.5 h. Then the ether is decanted, water (100 ml) is added to the imide hydrochloride, and the solution is heated to the boiling point, filtered and allowed to cool. About half the aldehyde separates. After this has been collected the remainder of the aldehyde crystallizes in 10-15 h. The total yield is about 95 %, and the m.p. is 135-136° after recrystallization with charcoal from water. 

Electrochemical cell with quartz window and saturated calomel electrode as a reference electrode was used (Fig. 3). Photoelectrochemical measurements were conducted with Pl-50-1 potentiostat under illumination power density of 75 mW/cm. At first the efficiency of energy accumulation (in the form of absorbed hydrogen) was estimated from the cathode discharge curves and from the hydrogen volume released under cathode heating. The volume of hydrogen released was measured in the tailor-made setup. The discharge capacity measurements were performed in electrochemical cell with nickel counter electrode. 

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