Hydrogen saturation

Hydrocracking. Hydrogenolysis of a carbon—carbon bond in an organic molecule produces smaller, hydrogen-saturated molecules and is termed hydrocracking when 50% or more of the feedstock is converted into smaller molecules. 

Figure 12-8. Effect of hydrogen saturation in primary flow on smoke.

Table 19.S). In particular, they have established that the presence of dissolved O2 enhances passivity thus causing E, to become more positive, and consider that this explains the failure of France and Greene to obtain accord between controlled potential tests in hydrogen-saturated chloride solutions and immersion tests in oxygenated chloride solutions at the same potentials. 

Figure 4. Hydrogen electrode with hydrogen-saturated platinum electrode in hydrochloric acid.

FREQUENCIES OF THE LOCAL MODES OF VIBRATION AT 5 K OF HYDROGEN SATURATING A DANGLING BOND IN A VACANCY IN VARIOUS SEMICONDUCTORS. 

The Pd-C catalyst was then removed by filtration through Celite in a sintered glass funnel with the aid of a water aspirator. The filtration was completed by rinsing the packing with 95% ethanol (75 mL). Attention due to the pyrophoric properties of hydrogen-saturated palladium, it is important to keep the filter plug under a layer of ethanol. 

The potential was held at -300 mV for 10 s to allow tin ions to deposit as the metal. Then the electrode was rinsed with hydrogen saturated water and transferred to the measiu-ement cell. The potential was set to 50 mV immediately. 

Ruthenium was first deposited on platinum in the same condition as described in the section for Pt-Ru electrodes. For high area platinum, tin was deposited after washing the electrode with hydrogen-saturated water. For smooth platinum, before that, ruthenium was removed at 1100 mV for 30 s to obtain higher activities as described before. 

Tin was also deposited by the same method as for Pt-Sn electrodes. Then, the electrodes were washed with hydrogen-saturated water again and transferred to the electrochemical measiirmnent cell. 

Typical cyclic voltammogram at 0.3mV/s of a hydrogenase film adsorbed at a pyrolytic graphite edge electrode immersed in a pH 9.00 hydrogen-saturated solution at 45°C and rotating... 

Figure 5.14 Pulse sequence and resulting data for a potential step experiment (hydrogen saturated solution, 4S°C, 1,500 rpm and pH 6.94).

When 1,2-dichlorobenzene in hydrogen-saturated deionized water was exposed to a slurry of palladium catalyst (1%) at room temperature, benzene formed via the intermediate chlorobenzene. The reaction rate decreased in the order of MCM-41 (mesoporous oxide having a silicon aluminum ratio of 35) > alumina > Y (dealuminated zeolite having a silicon aluminum ratio of 15). It appeared the reaction rate was directly proportional to the surface area of the support catalyst used (Schiith and Reinhard, 1997). 

When lindane in hydrogen-saturated deionized water was exposed to a slurry of palladium catalyst (1%) at room temperature, benzene and chloride ions formed as the final products (Schiith... 

The same precatalyst was used by Strohmeier et al., who prepared the homogeneous catalyst in situ by the reachon of IrH3(PPh3)3 with HOAc, and then used it to hydrogenate saturated and unsaturated aldehydes at 10atm of H2, without solvent. High conversions [turnover number (TON) up to 8000] could be obtained. 

Figure 6.7 The water solubility of C6 hydrocarbons by degrees of hydrogen saturation...

The aqueous samples, H2L and 02L, were both exposed ex-situ to hydrogen saturated water at atmospheric pressure and 363 K for 20 hours prior to further treatment. The pH of the water after contacting with the catalyst sample amounted to 5 due to the presence of acidic groups on the graphite support. 

The sample, H2L, was subsequently contacted in-situ with hydrogen saturated destined water at atmospheric pressure and ambient temperature. 

The observations on the samples contacted with hydrogen show the ease of reduction of the oxidized sample. Exposure to hydrogen gas at room temperature or to hydrogen saturated water at 363 K is sufficient to reduce the platinum particles completely. 

Hexammino-titanic Chloride, [Ti(NH3)6]Cl4, is prepared by allowing a stream of dry hydrogen saturated with gaseous titanic chloride to come in contact with dry ammonia gas in a specially designed flask. A voluminous yellow powder remains, which is unaltered in dry air, and does not lose its yellow colour over freshly ignited calcium chloride in absence of air. Water decomposes the substance, with formation of titanic acid and ammonium chloride thus ... 

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