Hydrodynamic classification

Fig. 5 Principle of hydrodynamic classification and concentration using multiple T-shaped side...

Models for a continuous reactor without recycle will be identical with those developed for the batch reactor. We will therefore confine ourselves to a continuous reactor with recycle. Although the low conversion per pass make the hydrodynamic classification of the reactor of little significance, it will still be convenient to develop the continuous reactor model on the basis of a plug-flow reactor. 

Currendy, the Bauer-McNett classification and the QS test are the most widely used fiber classification techniques. Whereas there are quaUtative relationships between QS and BMN, there is no quantitative correspondence. It is readily understood that these standard tests do not provide accurate definition of the fiber lengths the classification also redects the hydrodynamic behavior (volumes) of the fibers, which, because of thek complex shapes, is not readily predictable. 

It can be said that acoustic and hydrodynamic cavitation are the result of the tensions prevailing in a liquid, while optic and particle cavitation are the consequence of the local deposition of energy. The classification scheme for the phenomena of cavitation has been shown schematically in Fig. 2.1. Once the cavities are generated, subsequent expansion of the minute cavity may be achieved by reducing the ambient pressure using static or dynamic means. The surrounding... 

The prime difficulty of modeling two-phase gas-solid flow is the interphase coupling, which deals with the effects of gas flow on the motion of solids and vice versa. Elgobashi (1991) proposed a classification for gas-solid suspensions based on the solid volume fraction es, which is shown in Fig. 2. When the solid volume fraction is very low, say es< 10-6, the presence of particles has a negligible effect on the gas flow, but their motion is influenced by the gas flow for sufficiently small inertia. This is called one-way coupling. In this case, the gas flow is treated as a pure fluid and the motion of particle phase is mainly controlled by the hydrodynamical forces (e.g., drag force, buoyancy force, and so... 

The book includes among other topics Definition of expln and classification of expln processes, pp 9-l6 Theory of shock waves, which includes "shock adiabat on p 190 (pp 182-224) Theory of deton waves (pp 225-27) Hugoniot curve for detonation waves (p 228) Hydrodynamic Theory of deton (p 226) Explosion in air. (pp 555-663) Theory of point initiation of deton, called in Rus "Teoriya tochechnago vzryva (pp 598-624) Theory of spherical expln (pp 624-40) Explosion in condensed medium (pp 664-81) Propagation of shock waves in water (pp 681-90) Some problems of theory of deton in liquids (pp 690-98) Propagation of waves in solids (pp 708-18) and Theory of deton in earth. (pp 718-44)... 

The Matsuzaka Elbow-Jet classifier (Fig. 11) is based on a transverse flow principle (26). The stream of feed particles are accelerated to minimize the effect of gravity, and introduced into an air jet at right angles. The particles are fanned out in the classification zone with the trajectories for particles of the same hydrodynamic behavior, ie, size and shape, being the same. Classification is achieved by mounting one or more cutters in the classification zone, thus dividing the feed into two or more fractions. A stream of fine particles of less than 5 Jm can be produced in this manner. 

With the classifications of spatially correlated reactant recombinations and the cage effect in mind, the effects discussed in Sect. 3.1 are largely due to the spatial correlation. Indeed, changing the solvent viscosity by applying pressure or changing the temperature, or the radical reactivity should have little effect on the potential of mean force and not much on the extent and range of hydrodynamic repulsion. 

Ll.1.2. Classification According to Hydrodynamics. Water moves through the capillary system of the paper as a result of several physical forces capillarity, evaporation, and gravity. 

Rivers transport material in several phases dissolved, suspended particulate and bed load. Physical and chemical processes within an estuary infiuence the transportation and transformation of this material, thereby affecting the net supply of material to the oceans. Several definitions and geomorphologic classifications of estuaries have been reviewed by Pe-rillo (1995). From a chemical perspective, an estuary is most simply described as the mixing zone between river water and seawater characterised by sharp gradients in the ionic strength and chemical composition. Geographic distinctions can be made between drowned river valleys, fjords and bar-built estuaries. They can alternatively be classified in terms of the hydrodynamic regime as ... 

Instabilities arise in combustion processes in many different ways a thorough classification is difficult to present because so many different phenomena may be involved. In one approach [1], a classification is based on the components of a system (such as a motor or an industrial boiler) that participate in the instability in an essential fashion. Three major categories are identified intrinsic instabilities, which may develop irrespective of whether the combustion occurs within a combustion chamber, chamber instabilities, which are specifically associated with the occurrence of combustion within a chamber, and system instabilities, which involve an interaction of processes occurring within a combustion chamber with processes operative in at least one other part of the system. Within each of the three major categories are several subcategories selected according to the nature of the physical processes that participate in the instability. Thus intrinsic instabilities may involve chemical-kinetic instabilities, diffusive-thermal instabilities, or hydrodynamic instabilities, for example. Chamber instabilities may be caused by acoustic instabilities, shock instabilities, or fiuid-dynamic instabilities within chambers, and system instabilities may be associated with feed-system interactions or exhaust-system interactions, for example, and have been assigned different specific names in different contexts. 

The true purpose of Ito s study was to build a classification among the 15 solvent systems, based on their hydrodynamic behavior inside the column, measured through the retention of the stationary phase for various experimental conditions, on a J-type CCC device. 

M. Yamada and M. Seki, Hydrodynamic filtration for on-chip particle concentration and classification utilizing microfiuidics. Lab on A Chip, vol. 5, no. 11, pp. 1233-1239,2005. 

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