Classification according

There is Httle correlation between classifications according to chemical type and appHcation properties. AppHcation classifications are of most practical usefulness to the dyer, and therefore the chemical constitutions of dyes are described here only briefly. Further detailed information on dye types (10) and their chemical manufacture (11) can be found elsewhere, and ia many other Eniyclopedia articles to which references are made. 

Classification according to Br nsted acid-base properties is useful. 

Classification According to Size Alternating-Current Medium Machine... 

Classification According to Environmental Protection and Methods of Cooling... 

NEMAMG 1-1993, Rev. 1, Section 1, Part 1 Classification According to Application... 

Energy Efficient (EE) Motor Designs, 628 NEMA Design Classifications, 630 Classification According to Size, 630 Hazard Classifications Fire and Explosion, 631 Electrical Classification for Safety in Plant Layout, 647 Motor Enclosures, 649 ... 

A mark of the success of this theory lies in the fact that no low lying superfluous / levels have been found which defy classification according to a plausible electronic configuration for the atom in question. On the other hand, there are sometimes predicted levels which have not yet been observed as in the case of three of the six terms for the s2p3 configuration in carbon (Moore [1949]). 

Process plants are categorized into different hazard classifications, according to the potential explosion energy available from vessel rupture, condensed-phase explosion, confined vapor (building) explosion, or VCE. 

Intended to improve physical properties, reinforcements enhance the dimensional stability of materials, increase impact resistance, and improve tensile strength. The distinction between fillers and reinforcements is sometimes vague. Classification according to use. 

In the following, we start by assuming purely ionic structures. In spinel the oxide ions form a cubic closest-packing. Two-thirds of the metal ions occupy octahedral interstices, the rest tetrahedral ones. In a normal spinel the A ions are found in the tetrahedral interstices and the M ions in the octahedral interstices we express this by the subscripts T and O, for example Mgr[Al2](904. Since tetrahedral holes are smaller than octahedral holes, the A ions should be smaller than the M ions. Remarkably, this condition is not fulfilled in many spinels, and just as remarkable is the occurrence of inverse spinels which have half of the M ions occupying tetrahedral sites and the other half occupying octahedral sites while the A ions occupy the remaining octahedral sites. Table 17.3 summarizes these facts and also includes a classification according to the oxidation states of the metal ions. 

Thiel G, Geisler G, Blechschmidt I, Danzer K (2004) Determination of trace elements in wines and classification according to their provenance. Anal Bioanal Chem 378 1630... 

Each of the seven laboratories has received a thorough training by a pilot laboratory in the use of the three apparatuses and in the assessment of materials and their classifications according to the three national standards, i.e. in France NF P 92.501, in Germany DIN 4102 Parts 15 and 16, and in the U.K. BS 476 Part 7. 

Table 2 Functions and services of river ecosystems. Classification according to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment...

European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals, Contact Sensitisation Classification According to Potency, Tech. Rep. No. 87, Brussels, 2003. 

In this chapter, you learned about the atom and the three basic subatomic particles protons, neutrons, and electrons. You also learned about the periodic table and about the classification of the various elements on the periodic table. Classifications include metal, metalloid, nonmetal, and classification according to the family (group) and period. You also learned the difference between ions and molecules, and how to name ionic compounds and molecules systematically. 

The fluorescent molecular sensors will be presented with a classification according to the nature of the photoinduced process (mainly photoinduced electron or charge transfer, and excimer formation) that is responsible for photophysical changes upon cation binding. Such a classification should help the reader to understand the various effects of cation binding on the fluorescence characteristics reported in many papers. In most of these papers, little attention is often paid to the origin of cation-induced photophysical changes. 

It is easy to imagine a variety of spectroscopies, as many as the number of possible classifications according to the radiation used and/or the state of the matter (solid, liquid, or gas) interacting with this radiation. The tremendous development of new experimental techniques, as well as the sophistication of those that already exist, is giving rise to the continuous appearance of new spectroscopic techniques. Nevertheless, the different spectroscopies and spectroscopic techniques are rooted in a basic phenomenon the absorption, reflection, emission, or scattering of radiation by matter in a selective range of frequencies and under certain conditions. ... 

Chemical reactors intended for use in different processes differ in size, geometry and design. Nevertheless, a number of common features allows to classify them in a systematic way [3], [4], [9]. Aspects such as, flow pattern of the reaction mixture, conditions of heat transfer in the reactor, mode of operation, variation in the process variables with time and constructional features, can be considered. This work deals with the classification according to the flow pattern of the reaction mixture, the conditions of heat transfer and the mode of operation. The main purpose is to show the utility of a Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) both from the point of view of control design and the study of nonlinear phenomena. 

This statement refers to the classification according to pharmacological effect of the drug because any drug which will be used to counteract the effect of excess acid in the stomach will be called antacid. 

ECETOC (2004) has proposed a concept of generic threshold values based on hazard categories primarily intended to be used in the risk assessment procedure of industrial chemicals within REACH. The hazard categories are based on EU classihcation limits and for each substance to be risk assessed, inclusion in hazard categories depends on the substance s specific classification (or no classification) according to the Commission Directive 67/548/EC (EC 1967). Three hazard categories have been suggested ... 

The order of seniority of subunits is of primary importance in the generation of polymer names. Further classification according to seniority is based on the nature of the subunits (kind or size or both) and, among identical subunits, (a) on their degree of unsaturation and (b) on their substituents (number, kind and locants). The following criteria are applied consecutively until a decision is reached. 

Amphetamine (1) is a very simple phenethylamine, described in the chemical literature as early as 1887 (Edeleano, 1887). Smith, Kline and French (now GSK) filed a patent on the synthesis and use of amphetamine in 1930 (Nabenhauer, 1930), and the enantiomers were assigned in 1932 (Leithe, 1932 V-Braun and Friehmelt, 1933). Not surprisingly, early access to chiral material relied on classical crystallization-based resolutions (Gillingham, 1962 Nabenhaur, 1942). The early, racemic syntheses of amphetamine fall into four major classifications according to the method used to make the C-N bond ... 

To avoid this difficulty the words single-step and reactant are used. Clearly, the lactone is considered to be a starting material, but the enolate to be the reactant and therefore a diastereoface-differentiating reaction is said to have occurred. This example may illustrate another point, i.c.. that the product-based classification according to types of stereoselectivity and the Izumi-Tai classification (stereodifferentiation) are independent to a certain extent. Thus, the example can be classified as a diastereoface-differentiating, diastereoselective reaction. 

Like other medications also, psychopharmaceuticals can be classified according to various principles the chemist characterizes them by their chemical structure, the pharmacologist by their actions in representative biological test systems and the doctor by their therapeutic uses or indications. The classification according to clinical criteria today covers the following classes of psychopharmaceuticals ... 

Figure 3.1 The five isotherm classifications according to BDDT. W, weight adsorbed F, adsorbate equilibrium pressure Pq, adsorbate saturated equilibrium vapor pressure P/Pq, relative pressure. Condensation occurs at P/Pq >1.

Classify the Recall The FDA reviews relevant information and then assigns a recall classification according to the level of health risk involved ... 

TABLE 14 Glass Classification According to Pharmacopeia Prescription and Their Pharmaceutical Usages... 

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