Hyaluronic acid, sodium salt

Figure 1. H-NMR spectrum at 220 MHz (upper) and C-13 NMR spectrum at 22.63 MHz (lower) of hyaluronic acid (sodium salt) in D O solution. Descriptions of analogous spectra are given in Ref. 3 ( H) and Ref. 4 (C-13).

Hyaluronic acid, sodium salt. See Sodium hyaluronate... 

Sodium Hyaluronate RCC-1 No. 26228. See Sodium hyaluronate Sodium hyaluronate dimethylsilanol CAS 57601-56-6 108775-04-8 Synonyms Hyaluronic acid, sodium salt, compd. with dimethylsilanediol Sodium hyaluronate dimethylsilanyl Definition Sodium salt of an ester of hyaluronic acid and dimethylsilanol... 

Figure 7.6 Chromatograms of anionic polymers (A, chondroitinsulphate sodium salt B, alginic acid sodium salt C, hyaluronic acid sodium salt D, carboxymethyl-cellulose sodium salt) obtained on TSKgel GMPW (two 600 x 7.5 mm LD. columns) with O.IM sodium nitrate at a flow rate of ImLmin" and 25°C [15].

Because glycosaminoglycans do not have significant structural differences, their Py-MS spectra are also similar. As an example, the Py-MS results for hyaluronic acid potassium salt and for chondroitin 6-sulfate sodium salt are shown in Figures 7.14.1 and 7.14.2 respectively [3],... 

AMPS, 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid Mass, styrene sulphonic acid sodium salt DMAPAA, N,N-dimethylaminopropyl acrylamide HA, hyaluronic acid... 

X-Ray analysis of hyaluronic acid revealed a broad spectrum of conformations and packing modes. For the monovalent-salt form, containing traces of divalent cation, two threefold, helical chains pass through the unit cell, with a = b = 1.7 nm, c = 2.85 nm, and y = 120°. For calcium hyaluronate, six threefold, helical chains are contained in the unit cell, with a = b = 2.09 nm, c = 2.83 nm, and y = 120°. Upon he-miprotonation of the potassium salt form, the chain had a sixfold screw symmetry, and six such chains pack in the unit cell with a = b =2.12 nm, c = 0.547 nm, and y = 120°. In the sodium salt form, the chains have a fourfold symmetry. The unit cell is tetragonal, with a = b = 0.99 nm, c = 3.39 nm, and y = 90°, and contains two chains. 

Polypyrrole composite biomaterials having electrically conductive properties have been prepared using hyaluronic acid or its sodium salt by galvanostatic and potentio-static methods. These agents are useful for preparing medical devices such as nerve and bone regeneration materials. 

The PhEur 2005 describes sodium hyaluronate as the sodium salt of hyaluronic acid, a glycosaminoglycan consisting of D-glucuronic acid and N-acetyl-o-glucosamine disaccharide imits. 

Sodium salt, ARTZ, Connettivina, Equron, Heaton, Hcalo-nid, Hyalgan, Hyalovet, lal, Opegan, Synacid. [a]g —74° (c =a 0.25 in water) Rapport et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 73, 2416 (1951). Most viscosity determinations of hyaluronic acid vary from 1 -8 Jensen, Acta Chem, Scand. 7, 603 (1953). Infrared absorption spectra Orr, Biocbim. Biophys. Acta 14, 173 (1954). 

Preparation 8-1 A quaternary ammonium salt of hyaluronic acid is dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide. Octyl isocyanate as reactant and di-w-butyl-tin dilaurate as the catalyst are added. The reaction is done at 65°C for 8 h. Afterwards, dibutylamine is added to stop the reaction. Eventually, the reaction mixture is dialyzed in saturated sodium chloride aqueous solution, purified, exchanged from the quaternary ammonium salt to a sodium salt, and finally freeze-dried. 

The term hyaluronan was introduced in 1986 to conform to the international nomenclature of polysaccharides and is attributed to Endre Balazs (Balazs E. A, et al., 1986), who coined it to encompass the different forms of the molecule can take, e.g., the acid form, hyaluronic acid, and the salts, such as sodium hyaluronate, which forms at physiological pH [10], HA was subsequently isolated from many other sources and the physicochemical stracture properties, and biological role of this polysaccharide were studied in numerous laboratories [11]. This work has been summarized in a Ciba Foundation Symposium [12] and a recent review [13]. 

General methods for cross-linking of biopolymers such as hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC), carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt (CMC Na) and hyalnronic acid (HA) using water soluble carbodiamide are summarized in a review published in 2005 [24]. The interesting invention described the synthesis of water-insoluble derivative of hyaluronic acid cross-linked with biscarbodiimide [25]. 

Mixed polysaccharides from animal connective tissue. Nonalcoholic steam distillate of parts of Hamamelis virginiana. Sodium salt of hyaluronic acid [9004-61-9]. 

Various medical or pharmaceutical agents are routinely used to treat abnormal skin conditions, but this same objective has been a mainstay of the cosmetic industry for decades. Recently, some presumed inter-active cosmetics have appeared on the market, including derivatives of retinoic acid. Several polymers of the poly(saccharide) class have shown some emollient behavior, and the Japanese company Shiseido is marketing the sodium salt of hyaluronic acid, a natural poly(saccharide), Figure 3, as a skin treatment cosmetic. Part of the cosmetic utility of hyaluronic acid probably arises from its hygroscopic nature, enabling it to impart moisture to the skin. Hyaluronic acid does possess good skin adhesive characteristics, and this would aid in its cosmetic utility. 

HA was first isolated from bovine vitreous humor in acid form by Karl Meyer and John Pahner of Columbia University in 1934. They named the new pwlysaccharide hyaluronic acid, meaning uronic acid from hyaloid (vitreous). The term hyaluronan was introduced by Endre Balazs in 1986 to encompass the different forms the molecule can take—for example, the add form, hyaluronic acid, and the salts, such as sodium hyaluronate, which form at physiological pH [17]. Endre Balazs pioneered the medical use of HA. He derived the main concepts for many applications and... 

Definition Sodium salt of hyaluronic acid found naturally in eye fluids... 

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