Humidity moderate

Flax is cultivated worldwide except in tropical and cold climate zones. Fiber flax grows in humid, moderate climates whereas oil flax grows in dry, warm areas. The cultivation area worldwide varies considerably, ranging from about 220,000 ha (2011) to 520,000 ha (2004). Flax production varies accordingly from 227,000 T (2011) to 1.01 million T (2004). The main flax producer until 2005 was China. Since then, production there has dropped by 95% today the main producers are Belarus, France, and Russia, with a combined world market share of 75% (FAO, 2013). 

Dehumidification. Dehumidification may be accompHshed in several ways (see Drying). Moderate changes in humidity can be made by exposing the air stream to a surface whose temperature is below the dew point of the air. The air is cooled and releases a portion of its moisture. Closed cycle air conditioning systems normally effect dehumidification also. The cooled air may require reheating to attain the desired dry-bulb temperature if there is insufficient sensible load in the space. 

The long-term stability of the nonaqueous coating films under elevated temperature and moderate humidity is reported to be better than aqueous coatings (30). Furthermore, color resolution and sensitivity of reacted nonaqueous coating films ate excellent. 

Physical Properties. Ammonium thiocyanate [1762-95-4] NH SCN, is a hygroscopic crystalline soHd which deHquesces at high humidities (375,376). It melts at 149°C with partial isomerization to thiourea. It is soluble in water to the extent of 65 wt % at 25°C and 77 wt % at 60°C. It is also soluble to 35 wt % in methanol and 20 wt % in ethanol at 25°C. It is highly soluble in Hquid ammonia and Hquid sulfur dioxide, and moderately soluble in acetonitrile. 

Porosity ranks next to thickness in importance, especially when the finishes must serve in polluted and/or humid environments which promote tarnish and corrosion. Pores, openings in the surface that extend to the underplate or substrate, can be intrinsic in the coating (14), or can be produced by mechanical wear or by forming operations involved in manufacturing. In some environments the substrate can tarnish or corrode at pore sites and can produce localized areas of insulating films which cause contact resistance to increase. Porosity is less important for connectors that operate indoors at moderate to low relative humidities and in the absence of corrosive pollutants (15). 

Under certain conditions, such as hyperbaria,airway heat losses can account for a considerable percentage of total body heat production (in some cases > 100%). Normally these threats are ameliorated by rapid moderation of inspired air temperature and humidity by exchanging heat and water vapor between the mucus and airstream in the upper airway. Recovering much of the heat and water vapor contained in expired air minimizes heat and water losses to the ambient environment and aids in whole-body thermoregulation. 

ISO EN 7730 standardizes the PMV-PPD index as the method for evaluation of moderate thermal environments. To quantify the degree of comfort, the PMV (predicted mean vote) index gives a value on a 7-point thermal sensation scale -t-3 hot, +2 warm, +1 slightly warm, 0 neutral, -I slightly cool, -2 cool, -3 cold. An equation in the standard calculates the PMV index based on the six factors (clothing, activity, air and mean radiant temperatures, air speed, and humidity). 

Figure 6.1 applies for a relative humidity of 50% however, in moderate environments the air humidity has only a modest impact on the thermal sensation. Typically, a 10% increase in relative humidity is experienced as equally warm as a 0.3 °C increase in operative temperature. 

AVERAGE 5 Written procedures available, but not always used Standardized method for performing task Moderate noise levels Temperature and humidity range... 

Specification grade K nitrate gains 0,76% by wt at 70°F and 90% relative humidity Toxicity. Ingestion of large amounts may cause violent irritation of the intestinal lining. Prolonged exposure to small amounts may result in anemia and nephritis. Moderately poisonous on ingestion or inhalation (Refs 9 10)... 

The desirability of partial shade on tea estates has been a controversial subject. Desirable effects include temperature moderation at the leaf surface, which decreases low-humidity stress, and an increased yield of chlorophyll, amino acid, and caffeine production. The undesirable effects include decreased photosynthetic activity and competition for water and solid nutrients by the shade tree employed. In general, the trend has been toward the elimination of shade in most black-tea growing areas. Green tea products benefit from the additional chlorophyll and amino acid pro-... 

The choice and combinations of different size components must take account of many factors if optimum results are to be obtained. Much has been published regarding the optimisation of size formulations in relation to desizing processes [177-183]. Cotton warp yarns sized with starch are normally woven at high humidity (80% and above) to keep yarn breakages low, as the starch film is brittle at low humidity. It has been shown [183], however, that improved weavability at moderate relative humidity (e.g. 65%) can be obtained using (a) starch/acrylamide or hydroxyethyl starch at not less than 15% add-on or (b) poly(vinyl alcohol), which gave excellent results even at a low add-on of 5-6%. 

Addition of acrylamide to starch improved the performance of cotton yarn more than acrylamide alone, but addition of poly(vinyl alcohol) to starch lowered the performance of the yarn compared with poly(vinyl alcohol) alone. Overall, taking into account economic considerations, stringent pollution requirements and the needs of desizing, the singlecomponent hydroxyethyl starch showed optimum acceptability for weaving performance at moderate relative humidity. 

Large amounts of residual acid may cause damage to the wool, so that careful neutralisation after baking is an essential and important stage of the process. Carbonised fabrics allowed to accumulate without neutralisation at moderate humidity may suffer considerable damage, so it is essential that neutralisation should take place as soon as possible after carbonising. Neutralisation with ammonia or a mixture of ammonia and ammonium acetate is achieved more rapidly than with sodium carbonate or sodium acetate the ammonia is best used cold [146,286,290]. 

When this compound is precipitated from solution, it crystallizes with many waters of hydration, as many as 29,2 Many of these waters are easily lost at moderate temperature. The last 6 waters are held more tightly, however, so that the "hexahydrate" is a material easily obtained by heating at 40 C and 20% relative humidity.1... 

During episodes of severe oxidant pollution, the weather is generally very hot (85-100 F or about 29-38 C) and the relative humidity may be either low or moderately high on class 2 and 3 days, depending on the behavior of the marine layer. The small difference between means of maximal hourly concentrations on high-pollution days in 1972-1974 suggests continuation of heavy primary-pollutant emission in spite of current control strategies. 

Surface Water. Crossland and Wolff (1985) reported that the phototransformation half-life of pentachlorophenol in surface water ranged from 1.5 to 3.0 d. In a laboratory experiment, the average volatilization half-life of pentachlorophenol in a stirred water vessel (outer dimensions 22 x 10 x 21 cm) at 23 °C and an air flow rate of 0.20 m/sec is 624 min. The half-life was independent of wind velocity <1 m/sec or air humidity but very dependent upon temperature. Given that pentachlorophenol is a moderately strong acid, the experiments were repeated using four different buffered solutions. The average half-lives were 151 h at pH 4.0, 167 h at pH 3.3, 303 h at pH 5.1, and 3,120 h at pH 6.0At pH. No volatilization was observed at pH 8.0 (Klopffer et al., 1982). 

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