Human insulin HUMULIN

Human insulin Humulin (Eli Lilly) Novolin (Novo Nordisk) Velosulin BR (Novo Nordisk) Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus... 

EINECS 234-279-7 Human insulin Humulin Humuline Insulin Insulin (Cercopithecus aethiops) Insulin (Macaca fascicularis) Insulin (Macaca mulatta) Insulin (Pan troglodytes) Insulin, human synthetic Insulina humana Insuline humaine Insulinum humanum Novolin Novolin R Penfil R Ultraphane Velosulin. The natural antidiabetic principle produced by the human pancreas. Used as an antidiabetic agent. Christiaens S.A. Novo Nordisk Pharm. Inc. 

A Danish recombinant-DNA-technology based firm has produced insulin from the yeast cells that almost meets all the stringent requirements of human insulin [Humulin ]. 

Human insulin (humulin) is prepared by recombinant DNA technology or is synthesized from porcine insulin (enzymatic replacement of the terminal arginine with threonine). Human insulin is preferred to insulin prepared from animals because it is less antigenic. Porcine insulin differs from human insulin by one amino acid (terminal arginine). Bovine insulin is the most immunogenic preparation. A typical dosing... 

The technology for large-scale culture of bacteria is over 50 years old and bacteria can be cultured in stirred tank reactors which may have a capacity of up to 10 000 litres. Escherichia coli is by far the most extensively used bacterium for the expression of rDNA. Human insulin (Humulin, Eli Lilly), the first biotechnologically produced peptide, was produced using transformed E. coli and this was quickly followed by the production of human growth hormone by this method. 

NPH Isophane Human Insulin Suspension. NPH isophane insulin, also called Humulin N, Insulatard NPH Human, or Novolin N is an intermediate-acting form of human insulin produced by recombinant DNA techniques. Mixtures Humulin 70/30 and Novolin 70/30 contain 70% NPH isophane and 30% regular, whereas Humulin 50/50 contains 50% NPH isophane and 50% regular. It is adrninistered subcutaneously and should not be given intravenously. Absorption is delayed because the insulin is conjugated with protamine in a complex of reduced isoelectric solubiUty. Therapeutically, this preparation is probably comparable to purified porcine NPH insulin. However, human NPH insulin may have a slightly shorter duration of action than comparable purified porcine products. 

Care must be taken when giving insulin to use the correct insulin. Names and packaging are similar and can easily be confused. The nurse carefully reads all drug labels before preparing any insulin preparation. For example, Humalog (insulin lispro) and Humulin R (regular human insulin) are easily confused because of die similar names. 

The expression of recombinant proteins in cells in which they do not naturally occur is termed heterologous protein production (Chapter 3). The first biopharmaceutical produced by genetic engineering to gain marketing approval (in 1982) was recombinant human insulin (tradename Humulin ), produced in E. coli. An example of a more recently approved biopharmaceutical that is produced in E. coli is that of Kepivance, a recombinant keratinocyte growth factor used to treat oral mucositis (Chapter 10). Many additional examples are provided in subsequent chapters. 

Humulin Recombinant human insulin produced in E. coli Identical to native human insulin EliLilly 1982 (USA)... 

The first drug to be produced using recombinant DNA methods was insulin. In 1979, researchers at Eli Lilly and Company devised a procedure for synthesizing insulin using the common bacterium E. coli. The procedure was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 1982, and genetically modified human insulin became commercially available in that year under the trade name of Humulin . 

Injection 100 units/mL (human insulin [rDNA]) otc) Humulin 70/30 (Lilly), Novolin 70/30 (Novo Nordisk), Novolin 70/30 Prefilled (Novo Nordisk)... 

Injection 100 units/mL (human insulin [rDNA]) otc) Humulin U (Lilly)... 

Biphasic insulins are fixed dose combinations of a short-acting and intermediate-acting insulin in various proportions. Examples are Humulin, a biosynthetic human insulin (rDNA origin) suspension with respectively 20%, 30% and 40% regular and 80%, 70% and 60% isophane insulin and Mixtard, a biphasic biosynthetic human insulin suspension with respectively 10%, 20% and 40% soluble and 90%, 80% and 60% isophane insulin. 

Commercially available insuhns differ in their onset of action, maximal activity, and duration of action (Table 67.3). They can be classified as rapid acting (0-5 hours), short acting (0-8 hours), intermediate acting (2 to 16 hours), and long acting (4 to 36 hours). Human insulin (e.g. Humulin, Novolin) produced by rDNA technology is now widely available and has largely supplanted in-... 

Novolin is available in four formulations Regular (R), NPH (N), Lente (L), and Novolin 70/30. They correspond to the several formulations of Humulin. Novolin 70/30, Novolin N, and Novolin R are supplied in prefilled cartridges and in prefilled disposable syringes. Velosulin BR is a sterile solution of human insulin (rDNA origin) in a phosphate buffer. 

Human insulin (rDNA origin) isophane suspension [FDA for Humulin N]... 

Human Insulin (Recombinant) Humulin, Novolin, Velosulin BR 215... 

HUMULIN N pen [E. coli expressed) NPH human insulin isophane suspension]... 

Humulin (R, L, N, U, 50/50, and 70/30). Human insulin manufactured by Eli Lilly and Company has the trademark Humulin and is available in six formulations—Regular (R), NPH (N), Lente (L), Ultralente (U), 50% human insulin isophane suspension (NPH)/50% human insulin injection (buffered regular) (50/50), and 70% human insulin isophane suspension (NPH)/30% human insulin injection (buffered regular) (70/30). 

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