Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase

Luo K, Wang T, Liu B, Tian C, XiaoZ, Kappes J, YuXF (2007) Cytidine deaminases APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F interact with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase and inhibit proviral DNA formation. J Virol 81(13) 7238-7248... 

Engelman A, Craigie R. Identification of conserved amino acid residues critical for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase function in vitro. J Virol 1992 ... 

Vink C, Oude Groeneger AAM, Plasterk RHA. Identification of the catalytic and DNA-binding region of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase protein. Nucl Acids Res 1993 21 1419-1425. 

Eich E, Pertz H, Kaloga M, Schulz J, Fesen MR, Mazumder A, Pommier Y. (-)-Arctigenin as a lead structure for inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 integrase. J Med Chem 1996 ... 

Mazumder A, Gazit A, Levitzki A, Nicklaus M, Yung J, Kohlhagen G, Pommier Y. Effects of tyrphostins, protein kinase inhibitors, on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase. Biochem 1995 34 15111-15122. 

Mazumder A, Raghavan K, Weinstein J, Kohn KW, Pommier Y. Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 integrase by curcumin. Biochem Pharmacol 1995 49 1165-1170. 

Mazumder A, Wang S, Neamati N, Nicklaus M, Sunder S, Chen J, Milne GWA, Rice WG, Burke Jr TR, Pommier Y. Antiretroviral agents as inhibitors of both human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase and protease. J Med Chem 1996 39 2472-2481. 

King, P., Ma, G., Miao, W., Jia, Q., McDougall, B., Reinecke, M., Cornell, C., Kuan, J., Kim, T., and Robinson, W. 1999. Structure-activity relationships analogues of the dicaffeoylquinic and dicaffeoyltartaric acids as potent inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase and replication. J. Med. Chem. 42, 497-509. 

Jenkins, T.M., Hickman, A. B., Dyda, F., Ghieiando, R., Davies, D.R., Ceaigie, R., Catalytic domain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase identification of a soluble mutant by systematic replacement of hydrophobic residues. 

Levy-Mintz, P., Duan, L. X., Zhang, H. Z., Hu, B. C., Domadula, G., Zhu, M. H Kulkosky, J., Bizub-Bender, D., Skalka, A. M., and Pomerantz, R. J. (1996) Intracellular expression of single-chain variable fragments to inhibit early stages of the viral life cycle by targeting human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase. J. Virol. 70, 8821-8832. 

LaFemina RL, Schneider CL, Robbins HL et al (1992) Requirement of active human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase enzyme for productive infection of human T-lymphoid cells. J Virol 66 7414—7419... 

Okui N, Kobayashi N, Kitamura Y (1998) Production of uninfectious human immunodeficiency virus type 1 containing viral protein R fused to a single-chain antibody against viral integrase. J Virol 72 6960-6964... 

Cara A, Guamaccia F, Reitz, Jr. MS, Gallo RC, Lori F. Self-limiting, cell type-dependent replication of an integrase-defective human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in human primary macrophages but not T lymphocytes. Virol 1995, 208 242-248. 

Van Gent DC, Oude Groeneger AAM, Plasterk RHA. Mutational analysis of the integrase protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 2. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1992 89 9598-9602. 

Engelman A, Hickman AB, Craigie R. The core and carboxyl-terminal domains of the integrase protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 each contribute to nonspecific DNA binding. J Virol 1994 68 5911-5917. 

Lamellarin T-V and Y sulfates (67-70) were isolated from an unidentified ascidian from the Arabian Sea coast of India [97]. Four additional lamellarin sulfates, the 20-sulfates of lamellarins B, C and L and lamellarin G 8-sulfate (71-74) were isolated from Didemnum chartaceum from the Great Barrier Reef [98]. Unusually long relaxation times were observed for certain signals in the H NMR spectra of these compounds. Lamellarin a 20-sulfate (75) was isolated from an unidentified ascidian from India and was an inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) integrase [99]. 

The antitumor activities of JV-substituted 11 -oxo-11 //-pyrido[2,l -b]-quinazoline-6-carboxamides were studied (88JMC707 92MI3 95JMC2418). Using an automated pharmacophore identification procedure, 11-oxo-11//-pyrido[2,l-h]quinazoline-6-carboxamide (407) was predicted to be an active inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) integrase (97JMC920). 

Didierjean J, Isel C, Querre F, Mouscadet J-F, Aubertin A-M, Valnot J-Y, Piettre SR, Marquet, R. Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase, RNase H, and integrase activities by hydroytropolones. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2005 49 4884-4894. 

Integrase (IN) is a crucial enzyme in the life cycle of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) that has recently been validated as an antiviral target by the FDA approval of the IN inhibitor MK-0518 (raltegravir) for the treatment of HIV/AIDS. Several chemical families of highly potent IN inhibitors have been reported, which are believed to function by chelating catalytically essential divalent metal... 

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