Human fetal hepatocytes

Habibullah, CM., Syed, I.H., Qamar, A., Taher-Uz, Z. Human fetal hepatocyte transplantation in patients with fulminant hepatic failure. Transplantation 1994 58 951-952... 

Zern MA (2003) Telomerase reconstitution immortalizes human fetal hepatocytes without disrupting their differentiation potential. Gastroenterology 124(2) 432-444 58. Kobayashi N, Noguchi H, Westerman KA, Watanabe T, Matsumura T, Totsugawa T, Fujiwara T, Leboulch P, Tanaka N (2001) Cre/loxP-based reversible immortalization of... 

Matsunaga T, Maruyama M, Harada E, Katsuyama Y Sugihara N, Ise H, Negishi N, Ikeda U, Ohmori S (2004) Expression and induction of CYP3As in human fetal hepatocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 318 428 34... 

There have already been clinical trials of porcine hepatocyte-based bioartificial livers [5, 6]. However, we believe these systems to represent temporary and short-lived approaches. Compelling evidence from recent experiments show that primary porcine liver cells express and release endogenous retroviral particles that are able to infect human cells. However, long term in vivo investigations of patients previously exposed to porcine tissues over a period of 12 year did not show any porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) viremia [7]. Therefore, we consider the further pursuit of porcine bioartificial livers the only solution at present with regard to the cell source. However, as an intermediate term alternative human cell sources are in development [8]. Expansion technologies for human fetal cells may contribute to resolve these limitations in the future. 

Numerous studies have demonstrated that degradation products of (3-carotene exhibit deleterious effects in cellular systems (Alija et al., 2004, 2006 Hurst et al., 2005 Salerno et al., 2005 Siems et al., 2003). A mixture of (3-carotene degradation products exerts pro-apoptotic effects and cytotoxicity to human neutrophils (Salerno et al., 2005 Siems et al., 2003), and enhances the geno-toxic effects of oxidative stress in primary rat hepatocytes (Alija et al., 2004, 2006), as well as dramatically reduces mitochondrial activity in a human leukaemic cell line, K562, and RPE 28 SV4 cell line derived from stably transformed fetal human retinal pigmented epithelial cells (Hurst et al., 2005). As a result of degradation or enzymatic cleavage of (3-carotene, retinoids are formed, which are powerful modulators of cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis (Blomhoff and Blomhoff, 2006). 

Chromosome breakage and micronuclei were not induced in human lymphocytes in whole blood or isolated cultures following in vitro exposure to the single congener 3,3 4,4 -hexaCB (PCB 77) (Belpaeme et al. 1996). In another study, PCB 77, but not Aroclor 1254, induced DNA adducts in the Hep G2 human cell line and in primary fetal rat and quail hepatocytes (Dubois et al. 1995). 

The gene has seven exons, and the cDNA region is 70% identical to that of the closest relative, P450 1A2. P450 1A1 is expressed in fetal liver but not at appreciable levels in adult Iiver 55 57 P45Q j i can be induced in primary human hepatocyte cultures. The dominance of P450 1A2 over 1A1 in vivo may be due to preferential induction of P450 1A2 > lAl at low doses of inducers (a phenomenon established in rats ) or the presence of factors in liver that are not preserved in hepatocyte cultures. 

Greuet, J., L. Richard, C. Bonfils, J. Domergue, and P. Maurel (1996). The fetal specific gene CYP3A7 is inducible by rifampicin in adult human hepatocytes in primary culture. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 225, 689-694. 

Ferrari, L., Kremers, P., Batt, A. M., Gielen, J. E., and Siest, G. (1992). Differential effects of human recombinant interIeukin-1 /3 on cytochrome P-450-dependent activities in cultured fetal rat hepatocytes. Drug Metab. Dispos. 20, 407-412. 

For detecting zinc ion, we used three different cell lines V79, PC-12 is derived from rat pheochromocytoma and Hep G2 is human hepatocyte carcinoma. These cells were cultured in fetal bovine serum (FBS) containing medium to supply not only an energy source and amino acids, but also some hormones and cytokines. Each cell was seeded on a culture plate by appropriate cell number and cultured for 1 day with a CO2 incubator (CO2 5 %, 36.5 °C). On the next day, sterile zinc sulfate solution was diluted... 

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