Horse milk

Figure 14.22 Hydrogen isotope ratios of CJ6 oand Cis.-o fatty acids in modern horse milk and adipose fat, both from Kazakhstan (a), displaying seasonal influences [ellipses are 68 % (la) confidence intervals], compared (b) with 8 D values recorded for fatty acids from Eneolithic cooking pot sherds from Botai residues assigned as equine fats based on 813C analysis. Confidence ellipses are la and correspond to the modern reference equine fat values (Outram et al. 2009)...

Amino acid residue Human milk, leukemic urine Baboon milk Horse milk Rat urine Bovine stomach mucosa C2 Deer stomach mucosa Langur stomach mucosa Pig Stomach mucosa 3 Echidna milk I Rabbit spleen Canine spleen Grey kan- garoo... 

Oftedal O T, Hintz H R Schryver H F 1983 Lactation in the horse milk composition and intake by foals. Journal of Nutrition 113 2096-2106... 

Traditional use In Kyrgyz folk medicine, an infusion of the tubers in fermented horse milk or water and ground tubers added to meat broth, are used to treat tuberculosis, radiculitis, and headaches. Tubers are also used to treat different types of cancer (Khalmatov et al. 1984). 

Milk is the most nutritionally complete food found in nature. All kinds of milk, human or animal, contain vitamins (principally thiamine, riboflavin, pantothenic acid, and vitamins A, B12, and D), minerals (caleimn, potassium, sodium, phosphoras, and trace metals), proteins (mostly easein), carbohydrates (principally lactose), and lipids (fats). However, the amounts of these nutrients present in different types of milk differ greatly. Cows milk and goats milk are almost identieal in every respect. Human milk contains less than half of the proteins and minerals of cows or goats milk, but almost 1.5 times as much sugar. Horses milk is quite low in proteins and fats compared with the others, whereas reindeer milk is very high in proteins, fats, and minerals, but quite low in carbohydrates. The average composition of whole cows milk is 87.1% water, 3.4% protein, 3.9% fats, 4.9% carbohydrates, and... 

This enzyme Is widely distributed, more particularly in plants. Three important sources of the enzyme are horse-radish, turnips and milk. Peroxidase is capable of activating both hydrogen peroxide and a suitable substrate so that the latter is oxidised, although hydrogen peroxide alone may be incapable of affecting this change. It sometimes happens that hydrogen pcr-... 

Toxicity. Vitamin D toxicity was known as eady as the year 1429 (217). Accidental toxicity has been reported in monkeys, dogs, horses, pigs, chinchillas, and humans, and particulady in catde when extremely high doses of vitamin D have been used to treat milk fever. 

Pferde-bohne, /. horse bean, -dung, -diinger, m. horse manure, -fett, n. horse fat, horse grease, -fieisch, n. horse fiesh, horse meat, -fussdl, n. horse s-foot oil. -haar, n. horsehair. -hamsaure, /. hippurie aeid. -kamm-fett, n. horse grease, -kraft, /. horsepower, -kraftstunde, /. horsepower hour, -milch, /. mare s milk, -minze, /. horsemint. -mist, m. horse manure, -serum, n. horse serum. -stUrke, /. horsepower. 

Early Neolithic peoples domesticated the more productive local plants, cared for them m densely planted plots, protected them from animals and other plants (weeds) and haiwested the results. Likewise they tamed, bred and cared for local animals and ate them as they deemed fit. In the cases of cattle, horses, sheep and goats, milk and its products became staple foods. In some places larger domestic animals became beasts of burden. For very sound ecological reasons, agriculture allowed even early farmers to lib-... 

Matsumoto et al. developed an immunoassay for the determination of clenbuterol in bovine and equine tissues and in bovine milk. The LOD of clenbuterol in milk, muscle, liver, kidney, small intestine, and adipose tissues was 0.1 qgkg Bovine tissue samples fortified wifh 1 qg kg of clenbuterol had recoveries that varied from 75 to 96%, but recoveries from milk samples were 99%. The authors utilized this method to estimate the clenbuterol withdrawal periods for cattle and horses. Cattle were treated with a bolus dose of either 0.3 or 0.6 qg kg body weight, by intravenous injection, and three animals were slaughtered at days 1, 6, and 9. Tissue clenbuterol levels were detectable only on day 1. Clenbuterol in milk was not detectable after a 2.5-day withdrawal period. Liver contained the highest clenbuterol concentration of the tissues measured, but this group did not measure eye tissues. 

This technology is most often applied to valuable animals (e.g. prize winning horses, or high milk-yield dairy cattle) in order to boost their effective reproductive capacity several-fold. All the offspring will inherit its genetic complement from the biological mother (and father), irrespective of what recipient animal carries it to term. 

Before the banning of mirex for all uses in 1978, the tolerance limits in food for human consumption were 0.1 mg/kg for eggs, milk, and fat of meat from cattle, goats, hogs, horses, poultry, and sheep, and 0.01 mg/kg for all other raw agricultural commodities (Waters et al. 1977 Buckler... 

Co deficit Everywhere Low content of Co in Podsoluvisols, Podzols, Arenosols and Histosols. The average Co content in plant species is < 5 ppb The decrease of Co content in tissues decrease of vitamin BJ2 in liver (tr.—130 ppm), in tissue (tr.—0.05 ppm), in milk (tr.—3 ppm). Synthesis of vitamin Bi2 and protein is weakened. Cobalt-deficiency and Bj2 vitamin-deficiency. The number of animal diseases is decreasing in raw sheep —cattle — pigs and horses. Low meat and wool productivity and reproduction... 

Phenylbutazone, the major suxibuzone metabolite, has been approved by the FDA for use in dogs and horses (87). It is not licensed in cattle but its properties make it useful in this species for the treatment of musculoskeletal conditions, mastitis, endotoxemia, and castration. Since there is evidence of extralabel use for treatment of mastitis in lactating cows, residues of this drug may be found in bovine milk. 

---