Holland Colors

Major suppliers of organic pigments include Akrochan, BASE Corp., and Hoechst Celanese Corp. (azos) Cabot Corp., Holland Colors Americas Inc., and Mineral Pigments Corp. (carbon black) BASF Corp., Hoechst Celanese and Sandoz Chemicals (dioxazines) BASF Corp., Ciba-Giegy Corp. and Indol Div. Magruder Color (isoindolinones) BASF Corp., Daicolor-Pope Inc., and Harwick Chemical Corp. (phthalocyanines) Hoechst Celanese Corp, Holland Colors Americas Inc., and Keystone Aniline Corp. (quinacridones) BASF Corp, and Compton Knowles Corp. (quinophthalones) and Fabricolor Inc., Hoechst Celanese Crop, and Summit Chemical Co. (vats). 

Holcobatch, Encapsulated pigment dispersion, Holland Colors Americas, Inc. Hole-O-Magic, Drill guide assembly for composites, International Carbide Corp. Hombitan, Fiber/film white pigment concentrates, Sachtleben Corp. 

A range of encapsulated heavy-metal-free single-pigment dispersions and custom colour matches that can be added at any point in the compounding process, developed by Holland Colors under the name Engineering Holcobatch, is claimed to improve the properties of filled (mainly glass-filled) plastics. 

This additional Eq. (18) was discretized at the same resolution as the flow equations, typical grids comprising 1203 and 1803 nodes. At every time step, the local particle concentration is transported within the resolved flow field. Furthermore, the local flow conditions yield an effective 3-D shear rate that can be used for estimating the local agglomeration rate constant /10. Fig. 10 (from Hollander et al., 2003) presents both instantaneous and time-averaged spatial distributions of /i0 in vessels agitated by two different impellers color versions of these plots can be found in Hollander (2002) and in Hollander et al. (2003). 

K. Nassau (Ed.), Color for Science, Art and Technology, North Holland, Amsterdam, 1998. 

Mulder believes that the light-colored sugars contain most cane-sugar generally. He also says that the many varieties into which sugars are divided in Holland are not well based. 

Structure of YBa2Cu307. reproduced from G. F. Holland and A. M. Stacy, Physical Properties of the Quaternary Oxide Superconductor YBa2Cu3Ox, Acc. Chem. Res. 1988, 21, 8. One-dimensional Cu-O chains (shown in color) run along the crystallographic t>-axis, and two-dimensional Cu-O sheets lie in the a-b plane. Loss of colored oxygen atoms from the chains at elevated temperature results in YBa2Cu306. 

Manganese appeared randomly at the 0-5-/xg/cm2 level in a pattern similar to, but lower than, that of iron, indicating that it probably was present in the processing water. Nickel appeared generally at the l-/xg/cm2 level in the Holland-made papers and at the 3-/xg/cm2 level in the pink Amies papers. It is likely that mercury, whose concentrations are questionable and not plotted here, actually is responsible for the pink color. 

Cellulose acetate yarn, when it appeared on the market in 1921, presented a new problem because it had no adequate affinity for any of the existing dyestuffs. The first satisfactory method of coloration was due to Holland Ellis who observed that many simple insoluble azo dyes would be absorbed by cellulose acetate from an aqueous dispersion, stabilized with sulphated fatty alcohols or similar surface active compounds. A large number of dyes whose application depends on this principle have now made their appearance and are known as the disperse dyes. The demand for this group has increased very significantly with the advent of the truly synthetic man-made fibres. 

Alternatively, the container may contain an opacifying agent, e.g., titanium dioxide. The use of multilayered bags was demonstrated to inhibit photochemical decomposition of vitamin E in TPN fat emulsions (Allwood and Martin, 2000). PVC films discolor on irradiative exposure due to photochemical degradation of the polymer (Hollande and Laurent, 1997). Plastic containers for parenteral use may contain several additives, e.g., antioxidants, stabilizers, plasticizers, lubricants, impact modifiers, and coloring matter when justified and authorized. In an appendix, the European Pharmacopoeia presents a list of plastic additives that may be used (European Pharmacopoeia, 2002). The additives should not be extracted by the contents in such quantities as to alter efficacy or stability of the product or to present any risk of toxicity (European Pharmacopoeia, 2002). However, organic additives extracted in concentrations below the detection limits of the analytical methods authorized by the European Pharmacopoeia may be sufficient to initiate photosensitized reactions in the formulation. 

Holland and Cooper and Wells - comment on a side reaction which leads to the destruction of the photosensitizer and the formation of colored products at low concentrations of alcohol. This reaction may well be the same as that which was observed by Mooney and Stonehill and which was interpreted in terms of photosensitized decomposition of water, with subsequent hydroxylation of the anthraquinone salt. A similar type of reaction was noted by van Beek and Heertjes during their investigation into the chemical and photochemical degradation of anthraquinone mordant dyes in methanol. Irradiation of 3-nitroalizarin in methanol in Pyrex vessels, with visible or ultraviolet light from mercury-vapor lamps, leads to the formation of 4-methoxy-3-nitroalizarin. The methoxylation encountered in this instance would appear to be analogous to the hydroxylation of the sensitizer noted by Mooney and Stonehill, although, it must be pointed out, no such conclusion was drawn by the authors. 

Litmus. A blue pigment that can be obtained from various lichens, e.g., Variolaria, Roccella and Lecanora. In the past it was used particularly in Holland for bluing linen and for coloring luxury foods, cosmetics, and sugar paper. It is not suitable as a textile dye on account of its color change in acid and alkaline media. Today L. is used exclusively as an acid-base indicator (red at pH 4.5, blue at pH 8.3). The main component of L. is a polymer made up of 7-hydroxy-3-phenox-azinone chromophores, which explains its relationship with orcein. 

Uses Pigment for air-drying alkyds, DIY and archifecfural paints Features Optimum pigmentation low VOC good light- and weather-fastness exc. color reproducibility easy to mix economical compat. with urethane and silicone-modified fatty alkyd paints Holcoprim HC 093 [Holland Colours UK]... 

L.F. Mollenauer Color center lasers . In Laser Handbook IV, ed. by M. Bass, M.L. Stitch (North-Holland, Amsterdam 1985) p. 143... 

The addition of an alkali (the carbonates or hydroxides of sodium, potassium, ammonium, or magnesium) during the processing of cocoa from the cacao bean causes the cocoa flavor to become milder and the color darker, yielding a product called Dutch cocoa. Dutching of cocoa originated in Holland hence, the name. 

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