High-pressure feed pumps

Figure 7 shows a new, all stainless steel Votator A unit complete with high-pressure feed pump and worker unit for production of industrial margarines and shortenings. 

The margarine is forced through the resting tube by the pressure of the high-pressure feed pump. Resting tubes are normally fitted with screens or perforated plates (55) to allow a minimal degree of work to be given to the product to ensure optimal crystallization and plasticity. 

Install high pressure feed pumps to increase coil velocity to 10 ft/s (3 m/s) (Whatley ef a/., 2007)... 

The unit employed a micro-regulating, high pressure feed pump equipped with an 11 mm plunger, capable of a maximum flow rate of 7.3 litres per hour and output pressure of... 

Membrane compaction involves the compressing of the membrane itself that, in essence, makes the membrane denser or thicker which reduces the flow and salt passage through it. Compaction can occur under higher feed pressure, high temperature, and water hammer. (Water hammer occurs when the RO high-pressure feed pump is started and there is air trapped in the membrane modules—see Chapter 6.2.) Most brackish water membranes, when operated properly, experience a minimal degree of compaction. However, seawater membranes and cellulose acetate membranes... 

Under a typical single-stage SWRO system configmation, each RO train has a dedicated system of transfer pumps for pretreated seawater followed by a high-pressure RO feed pump. The high-pressure feed pump motor/operation is coupled with that of energy... 

A homogenize is a high pressure positive pump with three, five, or seven pistons, that is driven by a motor and equipped with an adjustable homogenizing valve. Smoother flow and greater capacity are obtained with more pistons, which force the product iato a chamber that feeds the valve. In design and operation, it is desirable to minimize the power requirements for obtaining an acceptable level of homogenization. At 17.2 MPa (2500 psi) and a volume of 0.91 t/h (2000 lb/h), a 56-kW (75-hp) motor is required. 

Figure 3-8. Refinery oil and boiler feed high pressure centrifugal pump. Courtesy Delaval Steam Turbine Co., currently Transamerica Delaval, Inc.)...

Pressure Pressure feed pumping equipment req d mold halves clamped (methods range from clamp frame to pressure pod) None Lows pressure press, capable of 50 psi (hydraulic or pneumatic mechanical) resin dispensing equipment not req d but recommended Hydraulic press, normal range of 100-500 psi (0.69-3.05 MPa) Hydraulic as high as 2,000 psi (138 MPa)... 

The substance which has to be micronized is filled into a thermostatted feed vessel (A) (Figure 9.8-6). The solution from (A) is transferred into the thermostatted autoclave (C) after evacuation. The compressible medium is supplied by a high-pressure pump (B). The pressure in the autoclave is increased to a certain value, and the high-pressure circulation pump (D), connected with the autoclave, is installed to increase the efficiency of dissolving of the solute by circulating the liquid phase. The gas-saturated mixture is rapidly depressurized through a nozzle. In the spray-tower the solvent is set free, and the formed solid particles of the substance under consideration (>10 pm) are collected in the vessel at the bottom. The temperature in the spray can be measured and recorded via two thermoelements. 

Reactant feeds are generated by vaporizing liquid flows from HPLC pumps with manometric pulse dampeners or high-pressure syringe pumps and mixing this vapor with gas components metered through mass flow controllers. This reaction feed is then divided between the 48 channels equally by using flow restrictors such as silica capillaries or micromachined channels (Fig. 3.12). The capillaries feed into the inlet stand-offs of the reactor modules. 

Figure 5 gives the flow scheme of a feed oil system. A high pressure plunger pump feeds the reactor with oil at a pressure of about 75 bar. The mass-flow of feed oil is measured by three Coriolis-Flowmeters. The second pump is out of line. The feed oil flow is adjusted by pump speed which is variable in a range of 25 to 110 rpm. Two resonators are used for pulsation damping. 

Continuous Starch Hydrolysis. A commercial continuous converter installation for dextrose manufacture employing a continuous, automatically controlled step for the hydrolysis of starch is now in operation. A flow diagram of a modem commercial installation for continuous starch hydrolysis is shown in Fig. 13-4. The starch converter consists of an 8-in. coil, 677 ft long, which is fed by a high-pressure centrifugal pump from a continuous starch make-up tank equipped for automatic control of density (Baumd), level, and acidity. The level controller regulates the addition of 20 B starch suspension, the Baum controller operates the water valve, and a conductivity instrument controls the addition of acid. The head end of the converter coil has an entry chamber to separate non-condensables, and the feed is instantaneously heated with live steam through a jet heater. 

To summarize, SFC uses high-pressure liquid pumps, to introduce CO2, modifier, and the feed. These pumps are piston or membrane pumps. 

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