Liquid-vapor flow

In a later paper, Brasie (1976) gives more concrete recommendations for determining the quantity of fuel released. A leak potential can be based on the flashing potential of the full amount of liquid (gas) stored or in process. For a continuous release, a cloud size can be determined by estimating the leak rate. For a combined liquid-vapor flow through holes of very short nozzles, the leak rate (mass flow per leak orifice area) is approximately related to the operating overpressure according to ... 

For preliminary design, liquid entrainment is usually used as a reference. To prevent entrainment, the vapor velocity for tray columns is usually in the range 1.5 to 3.5 ms-1. However, the entrainment of liquid droplets can be predicted using Equation 8.3 to calculate the settling velocity. To apply Equation 8.3 requires the parameter KT to be specified. For distillation using tray columns, KT is correlated in terms of a liquid-vapor flow parameter FLV, defined by ... 

The liquid-vapor flow parameter is given by Equation 9.62 ... 

Vandervort, C. L., A. E. Bergles, and M. K. Jensen, 1994, An Experimental Study of CHF in Very High Heat Flux Subcooled Boiling, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 37(suppl.) 161-173. (5) Vanderwater, R. G., 1956, An Analysis of Burnout in Two Phase, Liquid Vapor Flow, Ph.D. thesis, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN. (5)... 

A fundamental account of unsteady motion in a dense suspension requires knowledge of phase interactions and origins of wavy stratified motion [Zhu, 1991 Zhu et al., 1996]. Flow stratification involves a dense phase of solids flowing along the bottom of a horizontal pipe with wave motions, or a layer of the dense phase of solids flowing near the wall of a vertical pipe with wave motions. The former was analyzed, in part, on the basis of the theoretical work of de Crecy (1986) on stratified liquid-vapor flows. 

The liquid-vapor flow factor Fit/in Figure 11.29 is given by... 

Vacuum towers have high vapor velocities because of low vapor density they also have correspondingly low liquid loads. The liquid/vapor flow parameter. 

FIGURE 5.9-6 Relationship betwean point efficiency and Muiphrea efficiency for three cases of liquid-vapor flow combinelions. Liquid in plug flow in all cases (Ref. 8). (a) Relationship of point efficiency to Murphree plate efficiency. Csee 1. Vapor mixed under ench plate, (b) Relationship of point efficiency to Murphree plate efficiency. Case 2 Vapor not mixed flow direction or liquid reversed on successive plates. (<-) Relationship of point efficiency to Murphree plate efficiency. Case 3 Vapor not mixed liquid flow in same directiou on successive plates. 

Composite wicking structures accomplish the same type of effect in that the capillary pumping and axial fluid transport are handled independently. In addition to fulfilling this dual purpose, several wick structures physically separate the liquid and vapor flow. This results from an attempt to eliminate the viscous shear force that occurs during countercurrent liquid-vapor flow. 

Hetsroni et al. [3] created an experimental setup to study liquid-gas and liquid-vapor flow in parallel triangular microchannels with diameters of 103-161 pm. They used a fast video camera coupled with a microscope through a Pyrex... 

Thus, ongoing research is focusing on the thermal and fluid properties of nanofluids as well as such mixmre flow in microchannels. How to optimize the cooling capabilities of nanofluids in microchannel heat sinks will be a challenging task. Alternative approaches include fluid jet impingement and two-phase, i.e., liquid-vapor, flow with boiling heat transfer. 

Effect of thermodynamic disequilibrium on critical liquid-vapor flow conditions 247... 

Effect of Thermodynamic Disequilibrium on Critical Liquid-Vapor Flow Conditions... 

Simpson, H. C., D.H. Rooney and T. M. S. Callander, Pressure Loss through Gate Valves with Liquid-Vapor Flows , Proc. 2nd. Int. Conf. Multiphase Flow, London. Paper B2 67—80 June 19—21 (1985). 

Qu et al. [2] found evidence of two kinds of unsteady flow boiling for 21 parallel microchannels measuring 231 x 713 xm. They observed in their parallel microchannel array either a global fluctuation of the whole two-phase zone for all the microchannels (Fig. 1) or chaotic fluctuations of the two-phase zone (Fig. 2) over-pressure in one microchannel and under-pressure in another. The individual microchannel mass flow rate was not controlled. Hetsroni et al. [3] created an experimental setup to study liquid-gas and liquid-vapor flow in parallel triangular microchannels with diameters of 103 to 161 p.m. They used a fast video camera coupled with a microscope through a Pyrex plate to record the flow patterns. They showed the influence of the injection method (plenum shape) and found evidence for the same inlet conditions. 

B) WTiat is the maximum ratio of liquid/vapor flow for the stripping portion (the stages below the feed) ... 

---