High performance liquid inductively coupled plasma-mass

In modern times, most analyses are performed on an analytical instrument for, e.g., gas chromatography (GC), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ultra-violet/visible (UV) or infrared (IR) spectrophotometry, atomic absorption spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), mass spectrometry. Each of these instruments has a limitation on the amount of an analyte that they can detect. This limitation can be expressed as the IDL, which may be defined as the smallest amount of an analyte that can be reliably detected or differentiated from the background on an instrument. 

Zheng, J., Kosmus, W., Pichler-Semmelrock, F., and Kock, M., Arsenic speci-ation in human urine reference materials using high-performance liquid chromatography with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric detection, /. Trace Elements Med. Biol., 13, 150, 1999. 

Parts per billion concentrations of chromium (III) and chromium (VI) in seawater have been determined using high-performance liquid chromatography in conjunction with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry [196]. 

Bednar AJ, Mirecki JE, Inouye LS, Winfield LE, Larson SL, Ringelberg DB. The determination of tungsten, molybdenum, and phosphorus oxyanions by high performance liquid chromatography inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Talanta 2007 72 1828-1832. 

C.B. Hymer and J.A. Caruso, Arsenic and its speciation analysis using high-performance liquid chromatography and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr.A 1045 (2004) 1-14. 

Branch, S., Ebdon, L., and OneUl, P., Determination of arsenic species in fish by directly coupled high-performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 9(1), 33-37, 1994. 

Kinoshita, K., Shikino, O., Seto, Y. and Raise, T. (2006) Determination of degradation compounds derived from Lewisite by high performance liquid chromatography/inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Applied Organometallic Chemistry, 20(9), 591-96. 

Nicholson, J. K., Lindon, J. C., Scarfe, G. B., Wilson, I. D., Abou-Shakra, F., Sage, A. B., and Castro-Perez, J. (2001). High-performance liquid chromatography linked to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and orthogonal acceleration time-of-flight mass spectrometry for the simultaneous detection and identification of metabolites of 2-bromo-4-trifluoromethyl. Anal. Chem. 73 1491-1494. 

Thomas et al. [35] used coupled high-performance liquid chromatography with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to determine various forms of arsenic in soil. 

Gas chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography have both been combined with the introduction of hydride generation into inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for the speciation determination of arsenic in soils [36]. 

Fairman, B., SanzMedel, A., Jones, P. and Evans, E.H. (1998) Comparison of fluorimetric and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry detection systems for the determination of aluminium species in waters by high-performance liquid chromatography. Analyst, 123, 699-703. 

Hansen, S.H., Larsen, E.H., Pritzi, G. and Cornett, C. (1992) Separation of seven arsenic compounds by high performance liquid chromatography with on-line detection by hydrogen-argon flame atomic absorption spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry./. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1, 629-634. 

Raynor, M.W., Dawson, G.D., Balcerzak, M., Pretorius, W.G. and Ebdon, L. (1997) Electrospray nebulisation interface for micro-high performance liquid chromatography inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 12, 1057-1064. 

Saverwyns, S., Zhang, X.R., Vanhaecke, F., Cornelis, R., Moens, L. and Dams, R. (1997) Speciation of six arsenic compounds using high-performance liquid chromatography inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with sample introduction by thermospray nebulisation./. Chromatogr. A, 779, 299-306. 

Figure 6.1 Bar-graph of MeHg in CRM 580. The results correspond to six replicate determinations as performed by different laboratories using various methods. MEANS indicates the mean of laboratory means with 95% confidence interval. Abbreviations-. CVAAS, cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry CVAFS, cold vapour atomic fluorescence spectrometry ECD, electron capture detection GC, gas chromatography HPLC, high-performance liquid chromatography ICPMS, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry MIP, microwave induced plasma atomic emission spectrometry QFAAS, quartz furnace atomic absorption spectrometry SFE, supercritical fluid extraction.

Rottmann, L. and Heumann, K.G. (1994) Determination of heavy metal interactions with dissolved organic materials in natural aquatic systems by coupling a high-performance liquid chromatography system with an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. Anal. Chem., 66, 3709—3715. 

Crews, H.M., Dean, J.R., Ebdon, L. and Massey, R.C. (1989) Application of high-performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to the investigation of cadmium speciation in pig kidney following cooking and in vitro gastro-intestinal digestion. Analyst, 114, 895-899. 

Lustig, S., Michalke, B., Beck, W. and Schramel, R (1998) Platinum speciation with hyphenated techniques high performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis on-line coupled to an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer -application to aqueous extracts from a platinum treated soil. Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 360,18-23. 

Mason, A.Z., Storms, S.D. and Jenkins, K.D. (1990) Metalloprotein separation and analysis by directly coupled size exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. Anal. Biochem., 186, 187-201. 

Takatera, K. and Watanabe, T. (1991) High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of iron-containing proteins with on-line inductively coupled plasma mass spec-trometric detection. Anal. Sci., 7, 695-698. 

Bird, S.M., Ge, H., Uden, P.C., Tyson, J.F., Block, E., and Donoyer, E. 1997a High performance liquid chromatography of selenoamino acids and organo selenium compounds. Speciation by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. 789, 349-359. 

E. H. Larsen, G. Pritzl, S. H. Hansen, Arsenic speciation in seafood samples with emphasis on minor constituents an investigation using high-performance liquid chromatography with detection by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, J. Anal. Atom. Spectrom., 8 (1993), 1075-1084. 

U. Kohlmeyer, J. Kuballa, E. Jantzen, Simultaneous separation of 17 inorganic and organic arsenic compounds in marine biota by means of high-performance liquid chromatography/inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 16 (2002), 965D974. 

C. F. Harrington, S. Elahi, S. A. Merson, P. Ponnampalavanar, A method for the quantitative analysis of iron speciation in meat by using a combination of spectrophoto-metric methods and high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to sector t>eld inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, Anal. Chem., 73 (2001), 4422D4427. 

Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is one of the most significant analytical advances to occur in the last 20 years as it allows multielement analysis of solutions and solids to be performed at subnanogram concentrations. Instrumental advances have occurred such that Quadrupole (Q) ICP-MS units are now in routine use in many laboratories. In this chapter, the use of Q-ICP-MS and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-ICP-MS is discussed as regards the quantification of total As and As species in seafood. To highlight the strengths and weaknesses of the use of ICP-MS, data are used that were mainly produced in the laboratories of the authors of this chapter. 

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