High explosives metals

Sodium azide may react with lead and copper plumbing to form highly explosive metal azides. If allowed in your region, flush with a large volume of water to prevent azide accumulation. Because of possible pathogenic contamination, use of human blood serum is not recommended. 

Picric acid is used on a large scale as a high explosive, but for this purpose requires a detonator. If a few small crystals of the pure acid are heated on a crucible lid, they first melt, and ultimately burn harmlessly with a smoky flame. Metallic salts of picric acid are much less stable than the free acid,... 

Ammonium picrate (AP) is used only where a high explosive is required that is particularly iasensitive to shock. It has been employed ia pressed form primarily as a burster ia aaval projectiles for armor peaetratioa. The compouad is very stable and does not form sensitive metallic salts. Its explosive... 

HBr reacts with metals, producing highly explosive hydrogen gas. If aleak or spill occurs, exposure to the vapors should be avoided. If a high concentration of aqueous acid is accidentally spilled, it should be diluted immediately with water to reduce fuming prior to neutralization. Hydrobromic acid may be neutralized with soda ash or lime sprinkled over the contaminated area. An aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide may also be used to neutralize the diluted acid. 

Thermolysis of 4-methyl(4-phenyl)isoxazolin-5-one produced a-cyanophenylacetic acid <67JHC533). The pyrolysis of 3-methylisoxazoline-4,5-dione 4-oxime generated fulminic acid, which was trapped in a liquid N2 cooled condenser for further study. Pyrolysis of metal salts such as Ag or Na produced the corresponding highly explosive salts of fulminic acid 79AG503). Treatment of the oxime with amines generated bis-a,/3-oximinopropionamides (Scheme 65) <68AC(R)189). 

Aeetylene ean form metal aeetylides, sueh as eopper or silver aeetylide, whieh on drying beeome highly explosive serviee materials require eareful seleetion. 

Fig. 3.2. Controlled, high pressure shoek loading ean be routinely earried out with large diameter plane wave explosive lenses whieh initiate Detonation in cylinders of high explosives with known, reproducible behavior. Detonation waves from the explosive are transmitted into metal plates which can serve as standards and on which samples to be studied are placed.

To achieve higher pressures, these same high explosive systems can be used to accelerate metal plates to high velocity [60M01], Typical plate impact conditions are described in the Los Alamos publications cited above and given in the table. 

High Explosive Liquids. Strong metal containers of 10 quart capacity are used with wooden box overpacking (Refs 33 and 34) ... 

Initiating High Explosives such as LA or LSt are packaged with 20 to 40% w or an antifreeze mixt of ethanol/w in a 4 oz duck bag, which is then overwrapped with a strong grain bag. The outer container is a metal barrel or drum. The dry wi of the expl is not to exceed 150 lbs (Refs 33 and 34)... 

Acetylene can form metal acetylides, e.g. copper or silver acetylide, which on drying become highly explosive service materials require careful selection. 

Trinitrotoluene forms highly explosive combinations when nitric acid and metals such as lead or iron are present. 

Of other tests which are sometimes applied to high explosives, mention should be made of the tests for brisance. Brisance is an ill-defined word, best described by saying that an explosive of high brisance, when fired unconfined on a steel plate, will bend or shatter that plate more effectively than an explosive of low brisance. The Hess and Kast tests for brisance depend on this property, using the deformation of a metal cylinder by the explosive as a measure of the property. In most countries these tests are now little used. 

Finely divided aluminium powder or dust forms highly explosive dispersions in air [1], and all aspects of prevention of aluminium dust explosions are covered in 2 recent US National Fire Codes [2], The effects on ignition properties of impurities introduced by recycled metal used to prepare dust were studied [3], Pyrophoricity is eliminated by surface coating aluminium powder with polystyrene [4], Explosion hazards involved in arc and flame spraying of the powder are analysed and discussed [5], and the effect of surface oxide layers on flammability was studied [6], The causes of a severe explosion in 1983 in a plant producing fine aluminium powder are analysed, and improvements in safety practices discussed... 

Use of the alloy to reduce metal halides in solvents to the finely divided and highly reactive metals is not recommended for cases where the halide is highly soluble in the solvent (e.g. zinc chloride or iron(III) chloride in THF). Explosive reaction may ensue [1]. The alloys explode violently in contact with silver halides. 

MATERIALS Metal fragments (nails, washers, bolts, nuts, screws, etc.), rags, string or tape, time fuse, nonelectric blasting cap, % pound of any high explosive. 

Methyl, ethyl and propyl perchlorates, readily formed from the alcohol and anhydrous perchloric acid, are highly explosive oils, sensitive to shock, heat and friction [1], Many of the explosions which have occurred on contact of hydrox-ylic compounds with cone, perchloric acid or anhydrous metal perchlorates are attributable to the formation and decomposition of perchlorate esters [2,3,4], Safe procedures for preparation of solutions of 14 sec-alkyl perchlorates are described. Heated evaporation of solvent caused explosions in all cases [5], l-Chloro-2-propyl, iram-2-chlorocyclohexyl, l-chloro-2-propyl, 1,6-hexanediyl, hexyl, and 2-propyl perchlorates, prepared by a new method, are all explosive oils [6],... 

Aluminum dust and fine powder are highly explosive and can spontaneously burst into flames in air. When treated with acids, aluminum chips and coarse powder release hydrogen. The heat from the chemical reaction can then cause the hydrogen to burn or explode. Pure aluminum foil or sheet metal can burn in air when exposed to a hot enough flame. Fumes from aluminum welding are toxic if inhaled. 

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