Herpes simplex labialis

Unlike seborrhoeic dermatitis, chloasma, acne vulgaris and herpes simplex labialis, furuncles (boils) are not worsened by skin exposure. 

Spruance, S.L., and C.S. Crumpacker. 1982. Topical 5% acyclovir in polyethylene-glycol for herpes simplex labialis Antiviral effect without clinical benefit. Am J Med 315 73A. 

A 73-year-old man with acute respiratory failure, presumed to be secondary to amiodarone toxicity, developed sepsis and acute renal insufficiency, and required intermittent hemodialysis. Following a Herpes simplex labialis infection he was treated with oral aciclovir (400 mg tds). The next day he became sleepy, disoriented, and agitated. Over the next 48 hours his neurological condition deteriorated and he responded to pain... 

Spruance SL, Rowe NH, Raborn GW, Thibodeau EA, D Ambrosio JA, Bernstein DI. Peroral famciclovir in the treatment of experimental ultraviolet radiation-induced Herpes simplex labialis a double-blind, dose-ranging, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial. J Infect Dis 1999 179(2) 303-10. 

Butylated hydroxytoluene has some antiviral activity and has been used therapeutically to treat herpes simplex labialis. ... 

Freeman DJ, Wenerstrom G, Spmance SL. Treatment of recurrent herpes simplex labialis with topical butylated hydroxytoluene. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1985 38 56—59. 

Vidarabine is used mainly in human HSV-1 and HSV-2 encephalitis, decreasing the mortality rate from 70 to 30%. Whitley et al. (57) reported that early vidarabine therapy is helpful in controlling complications of localized or disseminated herpes zoster in immunocompromised patients. Vidarabine also is useful in neonatal herpes labialis or genitalis, vaccinia virus, adenovirus, RNA viruses, papovavirus, CMV, and smallpox virus infections. Given the efficacy of vidarabine in certain viral infections, the U.S. FDA approved a 3% ointment for the treatment of herpes simplex keratoconjunctivitis and recurrent epithelial keratitis, and a 2% IV injection for the treatment of herpes simplex encephalitis and herpes zoster infections (Table 43.3). A topical ophthalmic preparation of vidarabine is useful in herpes simplex keratitis but shows little promise in herpes simplex labialis or genitalis. The monophosphate esters of vidarabine are more water-soluble and can be used in smaller volumes and even intramuscularly. These esters are under clinical investigation for the treatment of hepatitis B, systemic and cutaneous herpes simplex, and herpes zoster virus infections in immunocompromised patients. 

Karlsmark, T. Goodman, J. Drouault, Y. Lufrano, L. Pledger, G. the C.S.S. Group. Randomized clinical study comparing Compeed cold sore patch to acyclovir cream 5% in the treatment of herpes simplex labialis. J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol. 2008, 22 (10), 1184-1192. 

Spruance SL (1988) Pathogenesis of herpes simplex labialis excretion of virus in the oral cavity. J Clin Microbiol 19 ... 

Spruance SL, Hamill ML, Hoge WS, et al. (1988) Acyclovir prevents reactivation of herpes simplex labialis in skiers. JAMA 260 1597-1599... 

Local inflammatory reactions, burning and tingling are reported with topical aciclovir. In 134 subjects in a phase III study to assess the safety of the combination of 5% aciclovir and 1% hydrocortisone cream in the treatment of recurrent herpes simplex labialis in immunocompetent adolescents, one 14-year-old girl developed a localised... 

Penciclovir (Denavir) [Antiviral] U e Herpes simplex (herpes labialis/ cold sores) Action Competitive inhibitor of DNA polym ase Dose Apply at 1st sign of lesions, then q2h while awake x 4 d Caution [B, /-] Contra Allergy, previous Rxn to famciclovir Disp Cream SE Erythema, HA EMS None OD Unlikely to cause life-threatening Sxs... 

Lin L, Chen XS, Cui PG, et al. Topical application of penciclovir cream for the treatment of herpes simplex facialis/labialis a randomized, double-blind, multicentre, aciclovir-controlled trial. J Dermatolog Treat. 2002 13 67-72. 

Herpes labialis (cold sore or fever blister) is a painful and highly contagious infection caused by the herpes simplex type 1 virus (HSVl). The herpesviruses are a large group of double-stranded DNA viruses that cause a variety of diseases in humans and animals. One of the interesting features of some herpesviruses is their ability to remain latent ( lying dormant ) in the body for long periods of time after the primary infec-... 

Recurrent facial herpes simplex (and, in particular, herpes labialis) can be triggered by sun exposure. Ultraviolet B (290-320 nm) seems to play a major role, the mechanisms involved being related to an inhibitory effect on Langerhans cells (Perna et al. 1987). 

Acyclovir (Zovirax) and penciclovir (Denavir) are the only topical antiviral dragp currently available These dragp inhibit viral replication. Acyclovir is used in the treatment of initial episodes of genital herpes, as well as heqies simplex virus infections in immunocompromised patients (patients with an immune system incapable of fighting infection). Penciclovir is used for the treatment of recurrent herpes labialis (cold sores) in adults. 

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