Herbicides derivative

Bartha, R. Fate of herbicide-derived chloroanilines in soil, J. Agric. Food Chem., 19(2) 385-387 (1971). 

Lyons, C.D., Katz, S.E., and Bartha, R. Fate of herbicide-derived aniline residues during ensilage. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 35(5) 704-710, 1985. 

Moreale, A. and Van Bladel, R. Soil interactions of herbicide-derived aniline residues a thermodynamic approach. Soil Sci., 127(l) l-9, 1979. 

Van Bladel, M. and Moreale, A. Adsorption of herbicide-derived p-chloroaniline residues in soils a predictive equation, J. Soil Sci, 28 93-102, 1977. 

Traditionally, the majority of the studies in this area have emphasized the analysis of microorganisms, in particular of soil actinomycetes, as the most relevant source of potential herbicide agents. The plant kingdom, however, has also been explored for the discovery of new herbicides. So far, bialaphos, originally isolated from different Streptomyces strains, is the only commercial herbicide derived from a microbial source. On the other hand, cymethylin, an analog of the mono terpenoid 1,8-cineole, as well as... 

D is found in compounds like quinolyl esters of N-substituted dithio-carbamic acids. A wide variety of compounds containing the quinoline system are herbicides. Derivatives and salts of 8-quinolinecarboxylic acid as well as quinolyl carbamates are each useful insecticides. The copper salt of 8-hydroxyquinoline is an effective fungicide. 

Herbicides derived from point and nonpoint sources can be transported to streams by runoff from agricultural and urban areas, discharge from reservoirs and aquifers, and precipitation. The physiochemical properties of the triazine herbicides, as well as other factors such as usage, precipitation patterns, and farming practices, are important in determining the amounts and concentrations of these chemicals in streams. 

Herbicides that inhibit photosynthetic electron flow prevent reduction of plastoquinone by the photosystem II acceptor complex. The properties of the photosystem II herbicide receptor proteins have been investigated by binding and displacement studies with radiolabeled herbicides. The herbicide receptor proteins have been identified with herbicide-derived photoaffinity labels. Herbicides, similar in their mode of action to 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (DCMU) bind to a 34 kDa protein, whereas phenolic herbicides bind to the 43-51 kDa photosystem II reaction center proteins. At these receptor proteins, plastoquinone/herbicide interactions and plastoquinone binding sites have been studied, the latter by means of a plastoquinone-deriv-ed photoaffinity label. For the 34 kDa herbicide binding protein, whose amino acid sequence is known, herbicide and plastoquinone binding are discussed at the molecular level. 

Chemical modification of agrochemicals, to improve their pesticidal properties and to reduce toxicity toward nontarget organisms, has been the object of intensive research in both academia and industry, especially in the field of insecticides (Ref. 76). For example, Carbosulfan is a very active systemic herbicide derived from Carbo-furan and much less toxic for mammalians than its parent compound. 

Chiral 3-Benzyloxytetrahydrofuran Grass Herbicides Derived from D-Glucose... 

Tier 5. Sites where herbicides derived from 2,4,5-TCP have been and are being used on a commercial basis such as rights-of-way, rice fields, forests, certain aquatic areas, and pastureland. 

Herbicides derived from urea form a large group of chemical compounds widely used in agriculture to control weeds in cereal, vegetable, and fruit tree crops. On the basis of their chemical natures, use, and mode of action, substituted urea herbicides can be divided into two main groups — phenylureas and sulfonylureas. 

Triazine pesticides, herbicides derived from triazine (101-05-3), including atrazine. 

The second group, persistent pesticides, includes certain triazine herbicide derivatives, 2,4-dichlorophenoxycarbonic acids, and others (Buslovich 1986, Popovich and Burkatskaya 1986). Moderately persistent pesticides, the third class, include some systemic organophosphorus pesticides (such as demeton, demeton-methyl, Ekatin, and dimethoate), many synthetic pyrethroids, carbamates, and others. Examples of the fourth division, slightly persistent pesticides, are certain contact organophosphorus chemicals like parathion, methyl-para-thion, and others (Kagan 1977, 1981). 

Scheme 3.13 Preparation of monomeric and polymeric Solketal herbicide derivatives [138,139]...

BARTHA R. and BORDELEAU L.M. 1969. Transformation of herbicide-derived chloroanilines by cell free peroxidases in soil. Bacteriological Proceedings, 4, A26. 

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