Carbamate dithio

The 2-imino-4-thiazolines may be used as ultraviolet-light stabilizers of polyolefin compositions (1026). 2-Aminothiazole improves adhesive properties of wood to wood glue (271). Cbmpound 428 exhibits antioxidant properties (Scheme 242) (1027). Ammonium N-(2-thiazolyl)dithio-carbamate (429) is a bactericide and fungicide used in industrial products such as lumber, paint, plastics, and textiles (1037). Compound 430 is reported (1038) to form an excellent volume of foam coating in aluminum pans when ignited with propane. 

Diethyl dithio carbamate, sodium salt also known as Ditiocarb sodium. 

Nitrogen nucleophiles used to diplace the 3 -acetoxy group include substituted pyridines, quinolines, pyrimidines, triazoles, pyrazoles, azide, and even aniline and methylaniline if the pH is controlled at 7.5. Sulfur nucleophiles include aLkylthiols, thiosulfate, thio and dithio acids, carbamates and carbonates, thioureas, thioamides, and most importandy, from a biological viewpoint, heterocycHc thiols. The yields of the displacement reactions vary widely. Two general approaches for improving 3 -acetoxy displacement have been reported. One approach involves initial, or in situ conversion of the acetoxy moiety to a more facile leaving group. The other approach utilizes Lewis or Brmnsted acid activation (87). 

M. Gormanns and H. Ritter, Tetrahedron, 49, 6965 (1993). 2-[(2-Nitrophenyl)dithio]-l-phenylethyl Carbamate (NpSSPeoc-NR2) ... 

The salts of alkyl xanthates, A/,A/ -di-substituted dithio-carbamates and dialkyidithiophosphates [26] are effective peroxide decomposers. Since no active hydrogen is present in these compounds, an electron-transfer mechanism was suggested. The peroxide radical is capable of abstracting an electron from the electron-rich sulfur atom and is converted into a peroxy anion as illustrated below for zinc dialkyl dithiocarbamate [27] ... 

In general, the reaction mechanism of elastomeric polymers with vulcanisation reagents is slow. Therefore, it is natural to add special accelerators to rubber compounds to speed the reaction. Accelerators are usually organic compounds such as amines, aldehyde-amines, thiazoles, thiurams or dithio-carbamates, either on their own or in various combinations. 

This will add halide ions or tertiary phosphines to give octahedral Ru(NO)Xj- or Ru(NO)X3(PR3)2, respectively, all of these having the linear Ru-N-O geometries characteristic of (Ru(NO) 6 systems. The preference for octahedral coordination is such that in Ru(NO)(S2CNEt2)3, one dithio-carbamate ligand is monodentate (Figure 1.43) [117]. 

The nickel(II) dithiocarbamate complexes are neutral, water-insoluble, usually square-planar, species, and they have been studied extensively by a range of physical techniques. The usual methods for the synthesis of dithiocarbamate complexes have been employed in the case of Ni(II), Pd(II), and Pt(II). In addition, McCormick and co-workers (330,332) found that CS2 inserted into the Ni-N bonds of [Ni(aziri-dine)4P+, [Nilaziridinelgf, and [Ni(2-methylaziridine)4] to afford dithiocarbamate complexes. The diamagnetic products are probably planar, but they have properties typical of dithiocarbamate complexes, and IR- and electronic-spectral measurements suggested that they may be examples of N,S-, rather than S,S-, bonded dithiocarbamates. The S,S-bonded complexes are however, obtained, by a slow rearrangement in methanol. The optically active lV-alkyl-iV(a-phenethyl)dithio-carbamates of Ni(II), Pd(II), and Cu(II) (XXIV) have been synthesized, and the optical activity was found to be related to the anisotropy of the charge-transfer transitions (332). 

V(IV) complexes with the formula V(R2C fc)4 (R = Me, Et) were studied by Bradley et al. 11,12, 4, 5). The ethyl complex (5) is thermally unstable and air-sensitive. The thermal instability accounts for the formation of the vanadium tris(dithio-carbamate). The tetrakis(dithiocarbamato) complex is isomorphous with 4)... 

A polarographic study revealed one oxidation process to occur in acetone solution (59). The reduction waves reported have to be ascribed to the reduction of mercury dithio-carbamates, formed by a reaction of the electrode material (60). 

In general, a nonspecific method is not acceptable because it is possible for the identity of the source of the analyte to be called into question. However, in cases where derivatization from a common species is the only method available (e.g., dithio-carbamate compounds), the use of a nonspecific common moiety method may be acceptable. 

Phenolic antioxidants in rubber extracts were determined indirectly photometrically after reaction with Fe(III) salts which form a red Fe(II)-dipyridyl compound. The method was applicable to Vulkanox BKF and Vulkanox KB [52]. Similarly, aromatic amines (Vulkanox PBN, 4020, DDA, 4010 NA) were determined photometrically after coupling with Echtrotsalz GG (4-nitrobenzdiazonium fluoroborate). For qualitative analysis of vulcanisation accelerators in extracts of rubbers and elastomers colour reactions with dithio-carbamates (for Vulkacit P, ZP, L, LDA, LDB, WL), thiuram derivatives (for Vulkacit I), zinc 2-mercaptobenzthiazol (for Vulkacit ZM, DM, F, AZ, CZ, MOZ, DZ) and hexamethylene tetramine (for Vulkacit H30), were mentioned as well as PC and TLC analyses (according to DIN 53622) followed by IR identification [52]. 8-Hydroquinoline extraction of interference ions and alizarin-La3+ complexation were utilised for the spectrophotometric determination of fluorine in silica used as an antistatic agent in PE [74], Also Polygard (trisnonylphenylphosphite) in styrene-butadienes has been determined by colorimetric methods [75,76], Most procedures are fairly dated for more detailed descriptions see references [25,42,44],... 

Cobalt(III) complexes of formula cis- and trans-[Co(dtc)L4]2+ and [Co(dtc)2L2]+ where dtc = dimethyl-, diethyl- or piperidino-dithiocarbamate were prepared with phosphites P(OMe)3, P(OEt)3 and 4-ethyl-2,6,7-trioxa-l-phophabicyclo[2.2.2]octane as ligands L.1048 Whereas Co—P bonding is found, as defined in the crystal structures of each of the two forms of complexes isolated, a linkage isomer in which the phosphite is O bound was detected for the bis(dithio-carbamate) compounds. 

Chemical stabilizers have been used to reduce the rate of oxygen-promoted degradation of polysaccharides at T>225°F. Methanol and sodium thiosulfate are the most commonly used (86). Sodium dithio-carbamate, alkanolamines, and thiol derivatives of imidazolines, thiazolines, and other heterocyclic compounds have also been tested for this application. Calcined dolomite (B7) and Cu(l) and Cu(ll) salts (88) have been reported to increase the thermal stability of HEC. 

To determine down to 2.4 xmol/l of copper in seawater, Nishoika et al. [282] complexed the copper with di-ethyl-dithio carbamate, precipitated with ferric hydroxide, filtered off and dissolved the precipitate with nitric acid, and determined copper by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. 

The metals were coprecipitated with lead-ammonium pyrrolidine dithio-carbamate and detected by X-ray spectrometry following neutron activation. Magnetic fields deflect the p rays while the X rays reach the silicon (lithium) detector undeviated. The detectors have low sensitivity to y rays. The concentration of cobalt found by this method was 1.3 xg/l, about one-fifth of that measured previously, while that of copper, 2.0 xg/l, agreed with results obtained by some previous workers. The concentration of mercury was 1.2 xg/l. 

Arsenic As(III) and As( V) complexed with ammomium pyrrolidine diethyl dithio carbamate and extracted with chloroform Chloroform extract examined by NAA - [862]... 

Cobalt Co-precipitation with sodium diethyl dithio carbamate X-ray fluorescence spectrometry 0.3 jxg/1 [511]... 

Vanadium complexed with tetraphenyl-arsonium chloride and tetramethylene dithio-carbamate, extracted with chloroform... 

Considerably less research has been directed towards Fe(III) compounds of substituted X-xanthates (X=0, S), as well as of the related dithiophosphates (Fig. 3), which can be thought of as being very closely related to the dithio-carbamates. 

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