Heavy Duty Powdered Laundry Detergent

Again, the optimum nonionic of choice for this application will depend upon the type of soil to be removed in the laundry process. For example, Figure 3 shows the optimum nonionic for removing typical sebum soil (body oil) in a nonbuilt heavy duty liquid. This figure shows that the optimum lies in the circle between and C., alcohol at an ethylene oxide level of 60 to oO percent. The peak of this optimum would be in the vicinity of a alcohol with 70 percent EO. This is considerably higher in EO content than the ethylene oxide optimum found for powdered laundry detergents. 

Phospha.tes, Pentasodium triphosphate [7758-29-4] sodium tripolyphosphate, STPP, Na P O Q, is the most widely used and most effective builder in heavy-duty fabric washing compositions (see also Phosphoric acid and phosphates). It is a strong sequestrant for calcium and magnesium, with a p c of ca 6, and provides exceUent suspending action for soils. Because of its high sequestration power, it also finds extensive appHcation in automatic-dishwashing detergents. Sodium tripolyphosphate forms stable hydrates and thus aids in the manufacture of crisp spray-dried laundry powders. 

Tetrasodium pyrophosphate [7722-88-5] Na4P20y, is another important primary builder and detergent. In sequestration, it is not quite as effective as sodium tripolyphosphate and its usage in heavy-duty laundry powders has declined in recent years. Functionally, tetrasodium pyrophosphate is both a builder for surfactants (ie, water softener) and alkaH. 

Although the incorporation of enzymes and fabric softeners strengthened the market position of heavy-duty liquids, it did not solve the basic problem of limited general detergency performance in normal washing. As noted earlier, heavy-duty liquids came close to the performance of the first nonphosphate laundry powders. With time, however, the performance of nonphosphate laundry powders improved... 

Heavy-duty liquid detergents (HDLDs) were introduced into the laundry market many years after the introduction of powder detergents. The first commercial heavy-duty liquid appeared in the U.S. in 1956. Liquid detergents were introduced in the Asia/Pacific region and Europe as recently as the 1970s and 1980s, respectively. A number of commercial heavy-duty liquids from the U.S., Europe, and Asia/Pacific are depicted in Figure 8.1. 

Dow Corning 1920 Powdered Antifoam defoamer, heavy-duty laundry detergents... 

Dodec benzenesulfonic acid raw material, detergents heavy-duty laundry powders/tablets Uferal T7P 92 G Ufarol T7P 92 N raw material, detergents household detergents Marlon A 350... 

Table 3. Laundry detergents Ingredients of heavy-duty washing powders...

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