HD chemical

Adick HJ, Schmidt R, Brauer HD. Chemical actinometry between 670 and 795 nm. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 1990 54 27-30. 

Edgewood Research Development, and Engineering Center, Department of the Army, Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for Distilled Mustard (HD), Chemical Biological Defense Command, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Revised 28 February... 

R. B. King, hd., Chemical Applications of Topology and Graph Theory. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1983. 

Holland HD. Chemical Evolution of the Atmosphere and Oceans. Princeton Princeton University Press, 1984. 

The electronic wave functions of the different spin-paired systems are not necessarily linearly independent. Writing out the VB wave function shows that one of them may be expressed as a linear combination of the other two. Nevertheless, each of them is obviously a separate chemical entity, that can he clearly distinguished from the other two. [This is readily checked by considering a hypothetical system containing four isotopic H atoms (H, D, T, and U). The anchors will be HD - - TU, HT - - DU, and HU -I- DT],... 

J. D. Collins, L. S. Stone, and P. A. Juvner, Background Chemistry for Development ofEiquid Kocket Oxidizers, HD-18-283, CaHery Chemical Co., CaHery,... 

H. Topsoe, B. S. Clausen, N. Topsoe, andj. Hyldtoft, Symposium on the Mechanism of HD S / HDN Reactions, Vol. 38, No. 3, Division of Petroleum Chemistry, Preprints, American Chemical Society, Chicago, lU., July 1993. 

LLDPE by itself does not present any health-related hazard on account of its chemical inertness and low toxicity. Consequently, film, containers, and container Hds made from LLDPE are used on a large scale in food and dmg packaging. Some LLDPE grades produced with unsupported metallocene catalysts have an especially high purity due to high catalyst productivity and a low contamination level of resins with catalyst residue. FDA approved the use of film manufactured from these resins for food contact and for various medical appHcations (80). However, if LLDPE articles contain fillers, processing aids, or colorants, thek health factors must then be judged separately. 

Mustard and Related Vesicants. Mustard, bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide [505-60-2] (Chemical Agent Symbol HD), C1(CH2)2S(CH2)2C1, is a colodess, oily hquid when pure. Most samples have a characteristic garliclike odor. It is primarily a vesicant bUsters are formed by either Hquid or vapor contact. Mustard also attacks the eyes and lungs and is a systemic poison, so that protection of the entire body must be provided. It is insidious in its action there is no pain at the time of exposure, and symptoms usually do not appear until several hours after exposure. 

Electrochemical treatment of the polymers in nitric acid in the absence of silver ions was carried out at room temperature. Extent of oxidation was low for hd-PE and PP. It was not possible to directly compare the results with those obtained for oxidation in the presence of silver ions since different temperatures were used (room temperature versus 60°C). However, the spectra obtained after treatment indicated similar chemical effects for the two cases. For PS, it was possible to make direct comparisons because the same temperature was used for treatment in the presence and absence of silver ions. In that case, the overall degree of oxidation was lower. 

Breakdown of the Bom-Oppenheimer approximation is responsible for the small but non-zero permanent electric dipole moment of HD (2 x 10 Cm, Trefler and Gush, 1968) but otherwise the effect is negligible to chemical accuracy. 

Chemical Name Tetrakis(hydroxymagnesium)decahydroxydialuminate dihydrate Common Name Magnesium aluminate hydrate monalium hydrate Structural Formula [Mg(DH)]4 [(HD)4AI(DH)(HO)AI(OH)4]-2H2D Chemical Abstracts Registry No. 1317-26-6... 

Hole MJ, Saunders AD, Marriner GF, Tamey J (1984) Subduction of pelagic sediments implications for the origin of Ce-anomalous basalts from the Mariana islands. J Geol Soc London 141 453-472 Holland HD (1984) The Chemical Evolution of the Atmosphere and Oceans. Princeton Uiuversity Press, Princeton... 

Peritonitis is a leading cause of morbidity in PD patients, which often leads to loss of the catheter and subsequent change to HD as the treatment modality. However, recent advances with connectors used during instillation and drainage of dialysate and delivery systems have dramatically decreased the incidence of peritonitis. Peritonitis can be caused by chemical irritation or microorganisms. 

Freezing point is the temperature at which a liquid changes to a solid. It is generally equivalent to the melting point. It is important to know the freezing point of a chemical agent, because dissemination characteristics vary markedly with physical state. For example, HD can freeze in a spray tank at low temperatures and cannot be dispensed. 

Rapid hydrolysis aids in lowering the duration of effectiveness of toxic chemical agents. For example, in the presence of water or water vapor, lewisite (L) rapidly hydrolyzes. Therefore, it has a shorter duration of effectiveness than distilled mustard (HD). 

Most chemical agents are essentially cumulative in their effects. The reason is that the human body detoxifies them very slowly or not at all. For example, a 1-h exposure to HD or CG followed within a few hours by another 1-h exposure has about the same effect as a single 2-h exposure. Continued exposure to low concentrations of HD may cause sensitivity to very low concentrations of HD. Other chemical agents also have cumulative effects. For example, an initial exposure to a small (less than lethal) amount of Sarin (GB) would decrease cholinesterase levels a second quantity less than the FDS0... 

The rate of action of a chemical agent is the rate at which the body reacts to or is affected by that agent. The rate varies widely, even to those of similar tactical or physiological classification. For example, blister agent HD causes no immediate sensation on the skin. Skin effects usually occur several hours later (some cases result in delays of 10-12 days before symptoms appear). In contrast, lewisite produces an immediate burning sensation on the skin upon contact and blistering in about 13 h. Decontamination immediately (within 4-5 min) will prevent serious blister agent effects. 

The interplay between the chemical and biological properties of the threat agent, on the one hand, and the specific attack scenario, on the other, can influence the lethality of the attack. Table 2-2 shows the relative respiratory toxicities (expressed as the lethal concentration of toxin at which 50 percent of test animals are killed, or LCT50, in milligrams per minute per cubic meter) of a variety of toxic gases compared with chlorine gas, which was used as a chemical weapon in World War I. According to Table 2-2, the nerve agent sarin (GB) has a respiratory toxicity approximately 100 times that of chlorine, while sulfur mustard (HD) is about 7 times more toxic. However, the lethality of an attack... 

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