Haematological parameters

Hobara T, Kobayashi H, Higashihara E, et al. 1984. Acute effects of 1,1,1-trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, and toluene on the haematologic parameters in dogs. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 13 589-593. 

It has been well documented that the anaemia of chronic disease, ACD, results in a lowering of various haematological parameters. Several mediators are involved, among them histamine, serotonin, bradykinin, prostaglandins and, as found more recently, cytokines and nitric oxide. ACD is a parameter of systemic autoimmune disorders. The severe inflammatory stimuli lead to several systemic changes, mediated by inflammation-associated cytokines, e.g. IL-6, IL-1 TNFa, TGF beta that regulate hepatic synthesis of the acute phase proteins. 

Verma, S.R., S. Rani, and R.C. Dalela. 1982b. Indicators of stress induced by pesticides in Mystus vittatus haematological parameters. Indian Jour. Environ. Health 24 58-65. 

Llacna, S., et al., Effects of air pollution on haematological parameters in passerine birds, Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 31, 148, 1996. 

In a long-term study ( 20 years) of about 200 ethylbenzene production workers exposed to an undefined concentration of this compound, none of the workers showed changes in haematological parameters or serum enzyme levels as a measure of liver function (Bardodej Cirek, 1988). 

As a part of a long-term carcinogenicity study (Maltoni et al., 1980), haematological parameters and clinical chemistry parameters reflecting liver and kidney function were studied after three, six, 12 or 18 months inhalation exposure to 5,10,50 or 150-250 ppm [20, 40, 200 or 600-1000 mg/m ] 1,2-dichloroethane (Spreafico et al., 1980). No consistent treatment-related effect was observed. 

Cynomolgus monkeys showed no measurable adverse effect following inhalation of 500 ppm [1500 ing/m l dimethylformamide for 6 h per day on five days per week for two weeks (Hurtt et al., 1991). In a 13-week inhalation study, cynomolgus monkeys received whole-body exposmes of 0, 30, 100 or 500 ppm [0, 90, 300 or 1500 mg/m ] dimethylformamide for 6 h per day on five days per week (Hurtt et al., 1992). No exposure-related effect on body weight or a number of haematological parameters and serum chemistry including transaminases occurred. 

Vinylidene chloride is a central ncr ous system depressant. Repeated exposure to low concentrations of vinylidene chloride may cause liver and renal dysfunction (Torkelson Rowe, 1981). Skin contact with vinylidene chloride causes irritation, which may be due partly to the presence of an inhibitor, hydroquinone monomethyl ether (Chivers, 1972). In one study, spirometry, blood clinical chemistry for liver and renal toxicity, haematological parameters and blood pressure measurements did not differ between vinylidene chloride-exposed workers and controls. Measured past time-weighted average vinylidene chloride concentrations ranged from < 5 to 70 ppm [< 20-280 mg/m- ] (Ott et al., 1976). 

Local irritation and mild central nervous system symptoms were reported in a questionnaire survey, but no abnormalities were seen in a health examination, clinical chemistry, or haematological parameters among 175 xylene-exposed employees, whose exposure to xylene was on average 21 ppm [87 mg/m ] (Uchida et al., 1993). Minor effects on body sway, reaction times or overnight sleep pattern were observed after experimental inhalation exposure to xylene (200 ppm [870 mg/m ], 5 h per day for six days) (Laine et al., 1993). 

Putman, R.W. and Freel, R.W. (1978). Haematological parameters of five species of marine fishes. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 61A, 585-588. 

Altogether eight primary haematological parameters were measured, and the signal/noise ratios (i.e. difference between control and treated means divided by the standard deviation) of each of these are shown in Figs. 1.3 and 1.4. A comparison of these clearly shows the increased sensitivity of the multi-strain assay across all outcomes as well as showing which outcomes are responding and at which dose levels. 

Baroncelli S, Panzini G, Geraci A, et al. Longitudinal characterization of CD4, CD8 T-cell subsets and of haematological parameters in healthy newborns of cynomolgus monkeys. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 1997 59(l-2) 141-50. 

Haematological parameters. Full blood count must be analysed prior to administration of FOLFOX chemotherapy to check for persistent bone marrow suppression as previously described. Fow neutrophil or platelet counts (typically neutrophils <1.5 x 109/F or platelets <80 x 109/L) will necessitate a delay in chemotherapy administration, usually by one week. 

Rabbit 0,44, 222 and 444 6 9 doses applied over 11 days This is an unpublished study reported in the secondary literature. Unquantified decreases in haematological parameters were noted in top dose animals. No description of local effects was provided. 1... 

Hagmar L, Bellander T, Hogstedt B, et al. 1988a. Biological effects in a chemical factory with mutagenic exposure I. Cytogenic and haematological parameters. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 60 437-444. 

Ek H et al., Acute effects of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) on haematology parameters and hepatic EROD-activity in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), Aquat. Ecosystem Health Manage., 6, 415, 2003. 

The effects of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency on the haematological parameters and clinical manifestations in patients with sickle cell anaemia. 

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