Gums, derived

A wide variety of plant exudates have been used ia foods and medicines for centuries, including acacia, karaya, and ghatti. Plant gums derived from seeds iaclude arabic, guar, locust bean, tamatind, and tara. AH play a role ia fat replacement either singly or ia mixtures. 

Lapasin, R., Priel, S., and Tracanelli, P. 1991. Rheology of hydroxyethyl guar gum derivatives. Carbokydr. polym. 14 411-427. 

In addition there are also gum derivatives which include propylene glycol alginate and low molecular weight pectin. 

Carboxy) cellulose derivatives Carboxy carob gum derivatives Psyllium-seed mucilage (Plantago)... 

U.S. 4,877,546 (1989) Lai (Colgate-Palmolive) Nonionic hydroxypropyl guar gum derivative Enhanced foaming... 

U.S. 6649155 (2003) Dunlop et al. (Procter Gamble) 0.02-5% cationic guar gum derivative (mol wt from 50,000 to 700,000, charge density from 0.05 to 1.0 meq/g) 0.1—4% antidandruff particulate (pyridinethione salts, selenium sulfide, or sulfur) nonvolatile conditioning agent Improved coacervate formed between the cationic polymer and anionic surfactant upon dilution of the shampoo superior combination of antidandruff efficacy and conditioning (three-in-one)... 

Cosmedia Guar. [Henkel/Emery/ Cospha Henkel KGaA] Guar gum derivs. vise, builder, stabilizer, condi-dona- for personal care prods. 

Table I. Gums Derived From Algal, Botanical, and Microbial Sources...

This class of adhesives contains some of the most traditional materials, for example animal glues and gums derived from natural sources, which are long-chain molecules, are soluble in water, and are either proteins or polysaccharides. Modern technology has brought other water-soluble materials into use for example, poly( vinyl alcohol) adhesives, and a host of resins based on phenol, mea, and formaldehyde (see Formaldehyde Resins in Chapter 4). 

Synonyms a-L-Fucose-1,3-a-D-galactose-1,3-a-D-galacturonic acid homopolymer Definition Fermentation gum derived from sorbitol Uses Skin conditioner, film-former, moisturizer, emulsifier in cosmetics Trade Name Synonyms Fucogel 1000 [Solabia Barnet Prods.] Softbase [Solabia Barnet Prods.]... 

Interestingly, the properties of crosslinked gum derivatives depend mainly on their crosslinking density, namely the ratio of moles of crosslinking agent to the moles of polymer repeating xmits. Moreover, a critical number of crosslinks per chain is required to allow the formation of a network. The types of interactions forming the network depend on the nature of the crosslinker. Therefore, crosslinked gums or their derivatives can be classified as ... 

P.R. Rai, A. Tiwary, and V. Rana, Superior disintegrating properties of calcium cross-linked Cassia fistula gum derivatives for fast dissolving tablets, Carbohydr. Polym., 87 (2), 1098-1104,2012. 

Semisynthetic materials—This includes modified celluloses (microcrystalline, carboxymethyl, and methyl), modified gums (derivatives of pectin, alginates, locust bean gum, and guar gum), and microbiaT fermentation gums (dextran and xanthan). 

Rajab M, Tounsi A, Jouma M, Neubert RH, Dittgen M. Influence of tamarind seed gum derivatives on the in vitro performance of gastro-retentive tablets based on hydroxypro-pylmethylcellulose. Pharmazie. 67 (11) 956-957,2012. 

Hydrocolloids are high-molecular-weight hydrophihc biopolymers used as functional ingredients in the food industry for the control of viscosity, gelation, microstructure, texture, flavor, and shelf-hfe. The term hydrocolloid encompasses all the polysaccharides that are extracted from plants, seaweeds, and microbial sources, as well as gums derived from plant exudates, and modified biopolymers made by chemical or enzymatic treatment to be soluble or dispersible in water. The general molecular and functional properties of proteins and polysaccharides are compared in Table 5.1. 

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