Guinea pig models

REGAL J F, FRASER D G, WEEKS c E, GREENBERG N A (2000) Dietary ph)doestrogens have antiinflammatory activity in a guinea pig model of asthma. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 223 372-8. 

Sierra EM, Rowles TK, Martin J, et al. 1989. Low level lead neurotoxicitv in a pregnant guinea pigs model Neuroglial enzyme activities and brain trace metal concentrations. Toxicology 59 81-96. 

Three studies have addressed the possibility of inducing cross-resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis during the use of rifaximin. In an experimental guinea pig model of M. tuberculosis, rifaximin was administered in an effort to induce resistance among M. tuberculosis strains of human origin. Not only did no resistance develop, crossresistance to rifampin also did not occur [17, 18]. In another approach, M. tuberculosis strains were subjected to subinhibitory concentrations of rifaximin. No induction of resistance or cross-resistance to rifampin occurred... 

Porter KB, Tsibris JC, Porter GW, Fuchs-Young R, Nicosia SV, O Brien WF (1998) Effects of raloxifene in a guinea pig model for leiomyomas. Am J Obstet Gynecol 179 1283-1287... 

In addition to the amiodarone-related compounds, (81) and (82), described above, BASF has been exploring some novel heterocyclic compounds as Class III antiarrhythmic agents. A series of imidazo[l,2-c]pyrro-lo[l,2-a]quinazoline derivatives have been patented which are several times more potent than (-I- )-sotalol in lengthening QT interval of the electrocardiogram in the anaesthetized guinea-pig model [230], One of the most potent compounds is (85), which was 17-times more potent than the standard. These compounds represent one of the unique Class III structural types described to date. 

There are only a few reports on the efficacy of feverfew in an in vivo situation. Inhibition of collagen-induced bronchoconstriction in an in vivo guinea-pig model was demonstrated [56] and it was concluded that this was consistent with in vivo phospholipase A2 inhibition. In a rat model of experimentally induced nephrocalcinosis, parthenolide was shown to protect the rats against this condition. Inhibition of prostaglandin biosynthesis may have been the mechanism of action of parthenolide in this case, as prostaglandins are thought to be involved in nephrocalcinosis [57]. 

Kumar, S., H. Char, S. Patel, D. Piemon-tese, K. Iqbal, A.W. Malick, E. Neu-groschel, and C.R. Behl. 1992. Effect of iontophoresis on in vitro skin permeation of an analogue of growth hormone releasing factor in the hairless guinea pig model./. Pharm. Sci. 81 635-639. 

Piacentini, G.L., Bertolini, A., Spezia, E., Piscione, T., Boner, A.L. 1994. Ability of a new infant formula prepared from partially hydrolyzed whey to induce anaphylactic sensitisation evaluation in a guinea pig model. Allergy 49 361-364. 

Graus F, Ilia I, Agusti M, Ribalta T, Cruz-Sanchez F, Juarez C. Effect of intraventricular injection of an anti-Purkinje cell antibody (anti-Yo) in a guinea pig model. J Neurol Sci 1991 106(l) 82-87. 

The anti-inflammatory and antihypoproliferative activities of this compound were compared to those of other compounds in several animal models. The compound was 1300-fold more potent than hydrocortisone, and 11-fold more potent than clobetasol propionate, respectively, in suppressing the erythemal responses in a guinea pig model of UV-induced inflammation, and it was 10-fold more potent than clobetasol in the cotton pellet granuloma assay in rats. 

Weiner, N., Williams, N., Birch, G., Ramachandran, R., Shipman, C., Jr., and Flynn, G. (1989),Topical delivery of liposomally encapsulated interferon evaluated in a cutaneous herpes guinea pig model, Antimicrob. Agents Chemoter., 33,1217-1221. 

FIGURE 50.5. Concentration over time, following i.v. and respiratory exposure to sulfur mustard in the guinea pig model. A Decline of sulfur mustard exposure after intravenous injection. B Concentration over time after respiratory exposure initial increase in the inhalation phase, followed hy a decline and a secondary increase, concentration of approximately 2 ng/ml is sustained for 4h. 

The mixture was tested in the guinea pig model, where fur was shaved on the side of the animal one day before exposing the skin of the anesthetized animals to neat GD or VX (Lukey et al, 2004). The animals were decontaminated 1 min later with sterile gauze soaked in the combined solution in a defined manner the contaminated side was wiped across the exposure site in the direction of the shaved... 

The mechanism of ototoxicity by aminoglycosides is still not fully clarified. Most of the experimental data have been gained in the guinea-pig model, which seems to resemble man. 

Walls, A.F., Rhee, K, Gould, D.J., Walters, C., Robinson, C., Church, M.K. and Holgate, S.T. (1991). Inflammatory mediators and cellular infiltration of the lungs in a guinea-pig model of the late asthmatic reaction. Lung 169, 227-240. 

Essentially all of the early methods for the prediction of skin sensitization potential involved the use of guinea pig models. Many methods were proposed and these have been reviewed in detail some years ago [10, 11]. All of the methods followed the same general principles in that procedures were undertaken over a period of 1-3 weeks exposing groups of guinea pigs to the test substance either by... 

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