Growth in children

Endocrine system—menstrual irregularities, hyperglycemia, and decreased growth in children and... 

Amenorrhea, other menstrual irregularities, development of cushingoid state, suppression of growth in children, secondary adrenocortical and pituitary unresponsive (particularly in times of stress), decreased carbohydrate tolerance, manifestation of latent diabetes mellitus, increased requirements for insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents (in diabetics)... 

NS (chronic) (general population) Other No association between blood lead levels and growth in children 10-47 (levels measured) Greene and Emhart 1991 Sachs and Moel 1989... 

The balance between excess and insufficient zinc is important. Zinc deficiency occurs in many species of plants and animals, with severe adverse effects on all stages of growth, development, reproduction, and survival. In humans, zinc deficiency is associated with delayed sexual maturation in adolescent males poor growth in children impaired growth of hair, skin, and bones disrupted Vitamin A metabolism and abnormal taste acuity, hormone metabolism, and immune function. Severe zinc deficiency effects in mammals are usually prevented by diets containing >30 mg Zn/kg DW ration. Zinc deficiency effects are reported in aquatic organisms at nominal concentrations between 0.65 and 6.5 pg Zn/L of medium, and in piscine diets at <15 mg Zn/kg FW ration. Avian diets should contain >25 mg Zn/kg DW ration for prevention of zinc deficiency effects, and <178 mg Zn/kg DW for prevention of marginal sublethal effects. 

Vik T, Jacobsen G, Vatten L, Bakketeig LS. (1996). Pre- and post-natal growth in children of women who smoked in pregnancy. Early Hum Dev. 45(3) 245-55. 

Proteins are essential components of the diet, as they provide essential amino acids that the human body is not capable of producing on its own (see the table). Some amino acids, including cysteine and histidine, are not absolutely essential, but promote growth in children. Some amino acids are able to substitute for each other in the diet. For example, humans can form tyrosine, which is actually essential, by hydroxylation from phenylalanine, and cysteine from methionine. 

Children Insufficient information is available to warrant use in children younger than 6 years of age or younger than 12 years of age with fluticasone and beclomethasone. Monitor growth in children and adolescents because there is evidence that oral corticosteroids may suppress growth in a dose-related fashion, particularly in higher doses for extended periods. 

Growth hormone, or somatotropin, is a protein that stimulates linear body growth in children and regulates cellular metabolism in both adults and children. Growth hormone stimulates lipolysis, enhances production of free fatty acids, elevates blood glucose, and promotes... 

Horwitz, E. M., Gordon, P. L., Koo, W. K., et al. (2002), Isolated allogeneic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells engraft and stimulate growth in children with osteogenesis imperfecta Implications for cells therapy of bone, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 99(13), 8932-8937. 

Transferase-deficiency galactosemia is more serious it is characterized by poor growth in children, speech abnormality, mental deficiency, and liver damage that may be fatal, even when galactose is withheld from the diet. Epimerase-deficiency galactosemia leads to similar symptoms, but is less severe when dietary galactose is carefully controlled. ... 

Serum osteocalcin determinations appear to be a helpful marker to evaluate the effects of glucocorticoids on growth in children. 

Whitaker K, Webb J, Barnes J, Barnes ND. Effect of fluticasone on growth in children with asthma. Lancet 1996 348(9019) 63-4. 

Pedersen S. Do inhaled corticosteroids inhibit growth in children Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001 164(4) 521-35. 

Symptoms of deficiency include night blindness, stunted growth in children, dry skin and eyes, increased susceptibility to infection. 

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