Stunted growth

Symptoms of deficiency in animals include poor appetite, stunted growth, and weight loss increased incidence of irritabihty and convulsions (tetany) some growth abnormahties decreased egg production in poultry with reduced hatchabihty and thin eggsheU quahty and birth of weak, dead, or deformed offspring in other animals. 

Shortage of water makes plants wilt, which even for short periods weakens them, leaving them more vulnerable to attack. Prolonged water shortage can result in stunted growth and tissue death in all or parts of the leaves. Water shortages can have delayed effects on plants flower drop in camellias in spring is caused by dry conditions the previous fall. 

Stunted growth may be caused by viruses or strawberry red stele disease. Remove the plants do not replant on the same site with strawberries or raspberries. 

Symptoms Young seedlings can be killed. The first sign of attack on mature plants is often a reddening of the foliage and stunted growth. The roots have rusty-brown irregular tunnels eaten away just below the skin. Larvae may be visible. 

Adults of this pest, Vitm (2 mm) long with white wings, fly up from plants when disturbed. Eggs laid on host plants hatch into "scales"—oval, immobile creatures found on the undersides of leaves. Both scales and adults are sap-feeders and excrete sticky honeydew, which drops onto leaves below. Sooty molds (q.v.) develop on this. A severe infestation may stunt growth. See Cabbage whitefly Greenhouse whitefly. 

A clear lack of adequate vitamin D in childhood results in the disease rickets, characterized by deformed bones and stunted growth. Extracellular calcium levels are too low to permit normal bone mineralization. A related disease, osteomalacia, occurs in adults deficient in vitamin D. Osteomalacia is characterized by weakened bones and bone pain as a result of insufficient mineralization. 

Couldrey, C., Carlton, M.B.L., Nolan, P.M., CoUedge, W.H., and Evans, M.J. (1999) A retroviral gene trap insertion into the histone 3.3A gene causes partial neonatal lethality, stunted growth, neuromuscular deficits and male sub-fertility in transgenic mice. Hum. Mol. Genet. 8,... 

Symptoms and effects Include stunted growth, edema, dermal lesions, loss of hair pigmentation, and decreased plasma albumin. 

Geranylgeranylhydroqulnone (VII) was applied (lOOxg) to fifth Instars of Oncopeltus (mllkbugs) and found to stunt growth and wing development. 

Groce DF, Kimbrough RD. 1984. Stunted growth, increased mortality, and liver tumors of polybrominated biphenyl (PBB) dosed Sherman rats. J Toxicol Environ Health 14 695-706. 

The drug Oxandrolone was originally manufactured to be used by women to prevent osteoporosis and for children as a cure for stunted growth. The low androgenic quality prevents almost all virilization for women in dosages of 15-mg daily or less. And for the same reason does not cause... 

Symptoms of deficiency include night blindness, stunted growth in children, dry skin and eyes, increased susceptibility to infection. 

The loss of appetite some users experience does not necessarily translate into stunted growth. Usually, a growth rebound occurs after the first year of treatment and during periods when children are not taking the medication, such as weekends and holidays. 

The final part of the overall toxicological process outlined in Figure 6.10 consists of behavioral and physiological responses, which are observable symptoms of poisoning. These are discussed here, primarily in terms of responses seen in humans and other animals. Nonanimal species exhibit other kinds of symptoms from poisoning for example, plants suffer from leaf mottling, pine needle loss, and stunted growth as a result of exposure to some toxicants. 

Its deficiency symptoms vary with species. Kiekens (1990) reported that Zn deficiency produces interveinal chlorosis, stunted growth, malformation of stems and leaves. Several field symptoms of Zn-deficiency are well known, such as little leaf of citrus, and white bud of maize . The toxicity limit for Zn depends on the plant species and genotypes, as well as on the growth stage. 

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