Ground water sites

DOD — The most prevalent contaminant groups in groundwater are VOCs and metals, which appear in 74 and 59% of DOD ground-water sites, respectively. SVOCs and metals were more consistent across different media than VOCs. SVOCs were found in 31 to 43% of the sites, and metals were found in 59 to 80% of the sites. Fuels were found at fewer than 22% of all sites. The most frequently occurring group, metals, was found at 69% of all sites, followed by VOCs at 65% and SVOCs at 43%. 

T. Pheiffei, "Case Study of the Eglin Ait Eoice Base Ground Water Bioremediation System," in Innovative Operational Treatment Technologiesfor Application to Supefund Sites Nine Case Studies U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1990. 

Dichloroethylene appeared frequently in the 1980s Hterature largely because of its presence at ground water cleanup sites. The continued presence of 1,2-dichloroethylene may be a result of the biotransformation of tetrachloroethylene and trichloroethylene, which are much more common industrial solvents and are likely present because of past disposal practices (11,12). 

Is the toller site being required to remediate soil or ground water under federal or state supervision ... 

The general purpose of ultimate disposal of hazardous wastes is to prevent the contamination of susceptible environments. Surface water runoff, ground water leaching, atmospheric volatilization, and biological accumulation are processes that should be avoided during the active life of the hazardous waste. As a rule, the more persistent a hazardous waste is (i.e., the greater its resistance to breakdown), the greater the need to isolate it from the environment. If the substance cannot be neutralized by chemical treatment or incineration and still maintains its hazardous qualities, the only alternative is usually to immobilize and bury it in a secure chemical burial site. 

Ground Water and Drinking Water U.S. Envuonmental Protection Agency Hotline +1 703 285-1098 800 426-4791 Fax -K 703 285-1101 E-mail hotline-sdwa epamail.epa.gov Web site www.epa.gov/safewater... 

The wide variation between different ground waters in both sets of experiments emphasizes the necessity of using actual ground waters in all laboratory studies, since the observed plutonium behavior is "ground-water-specific". Moveover, these results reinforce the suggestion made elsewhere (12) that ground-water characterization should be included as a viable repository site-selection criterion. 

Silicate glasses, physical properties, 150-54 Single-phase reactions, ground-water 335-44 Site, ground-water leaching,... 

NaCl-CaCl2-MgCl2 system. .. 391-92 Test site, Nevada, and ground-water... 

Waste, repository site-selection criterion, ground-water leaching. 335-36... 

Initial field investigations of old, heterogeneous disposal sites where waste types are insufficiently documented, thus deferring expensive priority pollutant analysis until the fact and location of ground water contamination is established ... 

Total cyanide concentrations in ground water samples ranged from over 300 parts per million (ppm) at the plant site to about 1 5 ppm at a spring located along the banks of the Little Spokane River Wells used for drinking water, irrigation, and livestock purposes contained total cyanide concentrations as high as 23 ppm ... 

The Department of Ecology strongly recommended against Superfund status on the grounds that the EPA site evaluation included a population impact based on the number of people who could have been affected in a three-mile radius instead of the population actually affected taking into consideration the directions of ground water movement. Providing the affected residences with a potable water supply by the Company and the impacts of total vs. free cyanide were discussed by EPA but were not used in the impact analysis. 

Lapointe BE, O Connell JD, Garrett GS (1990) Nutrient couplings between on-site sewage disposal systems, ground waters, and nearshore surface waters of the Florida Keys. Biogeochem 10 289-307... 

Accurate site investigation data with test drillings and pumping tests are also of importance for modelling and simulations to be used for permit applications. The simulations are used to predict the thermal and hydraulic influences and are used for environmental assessment issues as well as for prediction of potential physical damages caused by the pumping of ground water. 

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