Grape seed extracts

Nakamura, Y., Tsuji, S., and Tonogai, Y, Analysis of proanthocyanidins in grape seed extracts, health foods and grape seed oils, J. Health Set, 49, 45, 2003. 

Fig. 2.61. Separation of grape seed extract (a) and grape seed extract spiked with mixture of eight compounds (b) using optimized conditions. Chromatographic conditions are discussed in the text. Peak identification 1 = 2-phenylethanol 2 = vanillin 3 = ferulic acid 4 = protocatechoic acid 5 = caffeic acid 6 = gallic acid 7 = catechin 8 = epicatechin. Reprinted with permission from A. Kamangerpour et al. [167].

A. Kamangerpour, M. Ashraf-Khorassani, L.T. Taylor, H.M. McNair and L. Charida, Supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) of polyphenolic compounds in grape seed extract. Chromatographia 55 (2002) 417 -21. 

Dietary intervention with crude MegaNatural-AZ grape seed extract significantly reduced (by 30-50%) Alzheimer s disease-type cognitive deterioration in mice by prevention of amyloid formation in the brain [8]. However, it is essential to determine which components of the extract exhibited bioactivity in the transgenic... 

Kohler N, Wray V, Winterhalter P (2008) Preparative isolation of procyanidins from grape seed extracts by high-speed counter-current chromatography. J Chromatogr A 1177 114-125... 

Krueger, C.G. et al. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry of polygalloyl polyflavan-3-ols in grape seed extract, J. Agric. Food Chem., 48, 1663, 2000. 

Sano, A., Yamakoshi, J., Tokutake, S., Tobe, K., Kubota, Y., and Kikuchi, M., Procyanidin B1 is detected in human serum after intake of proanthocyanidin-rich grape seed extract, Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 67, 1140, 2003. 

The author generally proceeds directly to purification, but has used grape seed extracts stored for up to one week and seen little degradation,... 

Grape seed extract, which is another widely used plant extract similar to pycnogenol, contains procyanidins, which have a strong antioxidant activity. 

N10. Nuttall, S. L., Kendall, M. J., Bombardelli, E., and Morazzoni, P., An evaluation of the antioxidant activity of a standardized grape seed extract, Leucoselect. J. Clin. Pharm. Ther. 23,385-389 (1998). 

The antiatherosclerotic effect of proanthocyanidin-rich grape seed extracts was examined in cholesterol-fed rabbits. The proanthocyanidin-rich extracts [0.1% and 1% in diets (w/w)] did not change the serum lipid profile, but reduced the level of the cholesteryl ester hydroperoxides (ChE-OOH) induced by 2,2/-azo-bis(2-amidinopropane-dihydrochloride (AAPH), the aortic malonaldehyde (MDA) content and severe atherosclerosis. The immuno-histochemical analysis revealed a decrease in the number of the oxidized LDL-positive macrophage-derived foam cells on the atherosclerotic lesions of the aorta in the rabbits fed the proanthocyanidin-rich extract. When the proanthocyanidin-rich extract was administered orally to the rats, proantho-cyanidin was detected in the plasma. In an in vitro experiment using human plasma, the addition of the proanthocyanidin-rich extract to the plasma inhibited the oxidation of cholesteryl linoleate in the LDL, but not in the LDL isolated after the plasma and the extract were incubated in advance. From these results, proanthocyanidins of the major polyphenols in red wine might trap ROSs in the plasma and interstitial fluid of the arterial wall, and consequently display antiatherosclerotic activity by inhibiting the oxidation of the LDL [92]. 

Dulundu, E. Ozel, Y. Topaloglu, U. Toklu, H. Ercan, F. Gedik, N. Sener, G. 2007. Grape seed extract reduces oxidative stress and fibrosis in experimental biliary obstruction. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 22 885-892. 

Kiyici, A. Okudan, N. Gokbel, H. Belviranli, M. 2010. The effect of grape seed extracts on serum paraoxonase activities in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J. Med. Food 13 725-728. 

Tsang, C. Auger, C. Mullen, W. Bornet, A. Rouanet, J.M. Crozier, A. Teissedre, P. L. 2005. The absorption, metabolism and excretion of flavan-3-ols and procyanidins following the ingestion of a grape seed extract by rats. Br. J. Nutr. 94 170-181. 

Velmurugan, B. Singh, R.P. Agarwal, R. Agarwal, C. 2010. Dietary-feeding of grape seed extract prevents azoxymethane-induced colonic aberrant crypt foci formation in fischer 344 rats. Molec. Carcinogen. 49 641-652. 

Furthermore, no one should really expect doctors to keep up with every new little discovery, especially when it comes to supplements. Tell the average doctor that a few capsules of grape seed extract or an amino acid will significantly lower blood pressure, and he or she will likely roll his or her eyes. 

The Blood Pressure Cure Secret Weapon 2 Grape Seed Extract... 

To get the natural antioxidant and artery-protecting benefits of just one 200 mg grape seed extract tablet or capsule, you would have to drink 4 ounces of red wine or 6 ounces of red grape juice or eat a serving of various fruits. To think that for centuries, grape seeds were discarded as waste during the production of wine ... 

When postmenopausal women took a daily dose of 100 mg to 500 mg of GSE, they lowered their systolic pressure by 20 points. Interestingly, the salt content of those women s diets was particularly high. The better recommendation, I think, would be to ease up on the salt while taking grape seed extract tablets or capsules. 

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