Granulomatous tissue

Freemantle C, Alam CA, Brown JR, Seed MP, Willoughby DA. The modulation of granulomatous tissue and tumour angiogenesis by diclofenac in combination with hyaluronan (HYAL EX-0001). Int J Tissue React 1995 17 157-166. 

Testes from the males examined 43 days after the 8-D treatment appeared normal. However, the epididymis was involved in an inflammatory process with sperm granulomas formation. The granulomatous epididymal lesion resembled the lesion seen in auto-immune reaction following bacterial infections or tissue response to foreign bodies (16, 17,... 

Yoneyama H, Matsuno K, Zhang Y, et al. Regulation by chemokines of circulating dendritic cell precursors, and the formation of portal tract-associated lymphoid tissue, in a granulomatous liver disease. J Exp Med 2(X)I I93(I) 35M9. 

The O2 formed by NADPH oxidase activity can rapidly be converted into H2O2 and other toxic species that destroy microorganisms and impart injury to surrounding host tissue. The most direct evidence for the role of NADPH oxidase in host defense has come from studies of patients who have genetic defects in NADPH oxidase activity (chronic granulomatous disease). Chronic granulomatous disease patients suffer from recurrent, severe bacterial infections, which are often fatal in early childhood. 

No effects in humans have been reported. Intratracheal administration of 50 mg of yttrium oxide in rats caused granulomatous nodules to develop in the lungs by 8 months. Nodules in the peribronchial tissue compressed and deformed several bronchi the surrounding lung areas were emphysematous, the interalveolar walls were thin and sclerotic, and the alveolar cavities dilated. Intraperitoneal injection... 

A 54-year-old woman and a 62-year-old man with catheter blockages both developed aseptic peritonitis (166). In both cases clots had earlier been removed by laparoscopy, which also showed diffuse thickening around the tip and in the peritoneal fat, with fluid accumulation or inflammation and whitish urticarialike plaques. The tissue was granulomatous, with histiocytes, fibrosis, and pseudo-amyloid material that could not be labeled by anti-insulin antibodies. The peritoneal fluid contained a lot of fibrin, monocytes, lymphocytes, and macrophages, but no bacteria or cancer cells. 

Leprosy (Hansen s disease) is a chronic granulomatous disease that attacks superficial tissues such as the skin, nasal mucosa, and peripheral nerves. There are two types of leprosy, lepromatous and tuberculoid. The sulfones, which are derivatives of 4,4 -diaminodiphenylsulfone, are bacteriostatic. 

A number of respiratory effects have been observed in animals, including increases in the number of alveolar macrophages, and granulomatous foci in the lungs and peribronchial lymph nodes (Drew et al. 1974 Steinhagen et al. 1978). These respiratory effects are typically associated with inhalation of particulates and lung overload and may not be directly related to aluminum-induced toxicity to lung tissue. 

Granulomatous inflammation occurs in cases where skin tissue builds up around the site of exposure to an irritant. Introduction of foreign materials such as talc or silica into skin can cause this condition. In some cases, it occurs in response to exposure to some metals, including beryllium and chromium. 

In the inherited syndrome of chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), cytochrome Z 245 is absent and consequently the respiratory burst cannot take place [6], Persistent, but selective, bacterial infections are seen in these patients. NADPH oxidase is useful as part of a controlled acute inflammatory response to bacterial invasion, but excessive activity of this enzyme might lead to tissue destruction. In addition to PMN s, other inflammatory cell types, e.g. lymphocytes and macrophages, possess a membrane NADPH oxidase [7], ROI production by these latter cell types may form part of an intercellular communication pathway important in the inflammatory response [8], and perhaps an absence of this cell signalling route in CGD patients is linked to the development of chronic granulomata in these patients. Interestingly, myeloperoxidase deficiency is not associated with disease. 

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