Glutamyl transpeptidase

A 54-year-old woman had fatigue and dark urine after taking acarbose 50 mg tds for 5 months (46). Her aspartate transaminase was 2436 U/1, alanine transaminase 2556 U/1, 7-glutamyl transpeptidase 601 U/1, and alkaline phosphatase 174 U/1 serology was negative and she had a normal liver and gah bladder on ultrasound. Her liver enzjmes normalized 5 months after withdrawal. 

Takahashi S, Ohnishi T, Denda A, Konishi T (1982) Enhancing effect of 3-aminobenzamide on induction of 7-glutamyl transpeptidase positive foci in rat liver. Chem Biol Interact 39 363-368... 

Specific plasma enzymes are elevated, especially alkaline phosphatase (API, 5 -nudeotidase (5 N), 7-glutamyl transpeptidase (CCT), and leudne amino peptidase (LAP). 

Antithyroid drags have several side effects. The most frequent side effects are maculopapular rashes, pruritus, urticaria, fever, arthralgia and swelling of the joints. They occur in 1-5% of patients [1, 2]. Loss of scalp hair, gastrointestinal problems, elevations of bone isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase and abnormalities of taste and smell are less common. The incidence of all these untoward reactions is similar with MMI and PTU. Side effects of MMI are dose-related, whereas those of PTU are less clearly related to dose [1]. PTU may cause slight transient increases of serum aminotransferase and y-glutamyl transpeptidase concentrations but also severe hq atotoxicity whereas methimazole or carbimazole can be associated with cholestasis. The side... 

Bondar, R. J. L. and Moss, G. A. Enhancing effect of glutamate on apparent serum Y glutamyl transpeptidase activity. Clin. Chem. (1974), 20, 317-319. 

Shi, M., Gozal, E., Choy, H.A. and Forman, H.J. (1993). Extracellular glutathione and y-glutamyl transpeptidase prevent H Oj-induced injury by 2,3-dimethoxy-l,4-naphthoquinone. Free Rad. Biol. Med. 15, 57-67. 

Mitoxantrone (Novantrone) 12 mg/m2 up to 140 mg/m2 IV Every 3 months Nausea 76% Alopecia 61 % Menstrual disorders 61% Urinary tract infection 32% Amenorrhea 25% Leukopenia 1 9% y-Glutamyl transpeptidase increase 1 5%... 

Cramer, S. C., et al. Colocalization of GLUT2 glucose transporter, sodium/ glucose cotransporter, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in rat kidney with double-peroxidase immunocyto-chemistry. Diabetes 1992, 43, 766—770. 

Volume 401. Glutathione Transferases and Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidases Edited by Helmut Sies and Lester Packer... 

Yasuda K, Yamashita S, Aiso S, et al. Immunohistochemical study of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase with monocloncal antibodies. I. Preparation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. Acta Histochem. Cytochem. 1986 19 589-592. 

Elevated aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and /glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT)... 

Routine liver assessment tests include alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, and y-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT). Additional markers of hepatic synthetic activity include albumin and prothrombin time. The substances are typically elevated in chronic inflammatory liver diseases such as hepatitis C, but may be normal in others with resolved infectious processes. 

FIGURE 21-1. Interpretation of liver function tests. (ALT, alanine transaminase AST, aspartate transaminase CT, computed tomography DDX, differential diagnosis GGT, y-glutamyl transpeptidase.)... 

In an earlier report (J>), the decay of healthy yam tubers during storage was shown to be a result of catabolism of its proteins by an active a-glutamyl transpeptidase. There is also some alkaline proteolytic activity in the yam tuber (6), but little information is available on individual enzymes of the purine degradative pathway and on the properties of an alkaline proteinase that may function in yams during storage. This report describes the interrelation of five enzymes of ureide metabolism in fresh and stored yams, the release of ammonia in vitro by three of the enzymes that may provide an environment for alkaline proteinase activity in vivo, and the in vitro properties of an... 

Rat Sprague- Dawley 10 wk ad lib (F) Hepatic 500 M (mild fatty change, increased gamma glutamyl-transpeptidase + foci) DeAngelo et al. 1986 X m T T m 3 to... 

Carter JH, Richmond RE, Carter HW, et al. 1992. Quantitative image cytometry of hepatocytes expressing gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and glutathione S-transferase in diethylnitrosamine-initiated rats treated with phenobarbital and/or phthalate esters. J Histochem Cytochem 40 1105-1115. 

Freshly isolated or subcultured brain microvascular endothelial cells offer a notable in vitro tool to study drug transport across the blood-brain barrier. Cells can be grown to monolayers on culture plates or permeable membrane supports. The cells retain the major characteristics of brain endothelial cells in vivo, such as the morphology, specific biochemical markers of the blood-brain barrier, and the intercellular tight junctional network. Examples of these markers are y-glutamyl transpeptidase, alkaline phosphatase, von-Willebrandt factor-related antigen, and ZO-1 tight junctional protein. The methods of... 

Dibromoethane was administered orally in corn oil to Sprague-Dawley rats in doses up to 120 mg/kg body weight in an initiation protocol that included partial hepatectomy (Milks et al. 1982). This treatment did not cause an increase in g-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) positive foci after 2 months. When 1,2-dibromoethane was orally administered in corn oil at doses of 10 or 30 mg/kg in a promotion protocol with N-nitrosodiethylamine as an initiator, there was a significant increase in production of GGT positive foci after 2 months. Based on their results, the authors speculated that... 

Milks MM, Wilt SR, AN I, et al. 1982. Dibromoethane effects on the induction of -glutamyl-transpeptidase positive foci in rat liver. Arch Toxicol 51 27-35. 

GGT, y-glutamyl transpeptidase GOT, glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase GPT, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase. 

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