Glucose high blood

The energy substrates are contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to any component of the solution. Dextrose solutions are contraindicated in patients with diabetic coma with excessively high blood sugar. Concentrated dextrose solutions are contraindicated in patients with increased intracranial pressure, delirium tremens (if patient is dehydrated), hepatic coma, or glucose-galactose malabsorption syndrome Alcohol dextrose solutions are contraindicated in patients with epilepsy, urinary tract infections, alcoholism, and diabetic coma... 

Angiopathy of large (macroangiopathy) and small (microangiopathy) vessels is also the result of high blood glucose concentrations. Angiopathy results in ischemia and skin breakdown. 

Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol greater than or equal to 130 to 159 mg/dL (3.37 to 4.12 mmol/L) plus two additional risk factors High-density lipoprotein cholesterol less than 35 mg/dL (0.91 mmol/L) Impaired fasting glucose [fasting blood glucose 100-125 mg/dL (5.6 to 6.9 mmol/L)]... 

Hyperglycemia Abnormally high blood glucose concentration. 

Insulin is a signal for high blood glucose levels. 

The hallmark of diabetes is inappropriately high blood glucose concentrations. Too much blood glucose is linked to the sequelae of diabetes. These include blindness (retinopathy), kidney failure (nephropathy), pain and tingling sensations (neuropathy), and amputations (small vessel damage). 

The biosynthesis and release of insulin by the pancreatic B cells (see p. 160) is stimulated by high blood glucose levels (> 5 mM). The insulin released then stimulates increased uptake and utilization of glucose by the cells of the muscle and adipose tissues. As a result, the blood glucose level falls back to its normal value, and further release of insulin stops. 

Type 0 Glycogen synthase Liver Low blood glucose, high ketone bodies, early death... 

This phosphatase converts phosphorylase a to phosphorylase b, sharply reducing the activity of phosphorylase and slowing glycogen breakdown in response to high blood glucose. Insulin also acts indirectly to stimulate PP1 and slow glycogen breakdown. 

Acetone is volatile and is exhaled, and in uncontrolled diabetes, the breath has a characteristic odor sometimes mistaken for ethanol. A diabetic individual who is experiencing mental confusion due to high blood glucose is occasionally misdiagnosed as intoxicated, an error that can be fatal. The overproduction of ketone bodies, called ketosis, results in greatly increased concentrations of ketone bodies in the blood (ketonentia) and urine (lcetonuria). 

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