Glasgow scale

One tried and tested semiquantitative method for coma assessment is the Glasgow scale (G.M. Teasdale et af, 1974) with a score of 3 to 15. It has a high consistency level, irrespective of the investigator ( interrogator stability ). As the severity of coma increases, the total score drops from 15 down to 3 ... 

Glasgow scale E2M4V2) with profuse oral secretions, sweating, cyanosis, muscle fasciculations and convulsions, and was intubated. Organophosphate poisoning was not suspected at first, and he was treated with dopamine and isoprenaline to increase blood pressure and heart rate and with phenytoin to control the convulsions, but all of these treatments were without effect. At 3.5 h after exposure, he was treated with 2 mg IV of atropine, which immediately increased both heart rate and blood pressure, and 10 mg IV of diazepam, which controlled the convulsions. He was maintained on continuous IV atropine (3 mg day-1) and mechanical ventilation, and 9 days after exposure he became alert and was extubated. The authors stressed the importance of systemic atropine for treating the bradycardia produced by the VX. 

The primary outcome of NINDS part II was a favorable outcome at 3 months, as assessed by four commonly used assessment scales the Barthel Index (BI), modihed Rankin Scale (mRS), Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS), and NIHSS. A... 

FIGURE 3.2 Differences between IV rt-PA and placebo-treated patients on four assessment scales using data taken from part II of the 1995 NINDS trial. Values do not total 100% because of rounding. The odds ratio for a global favorable outcome with intravenous rt-PA was 1.7 (95% Cl 1.2-2.6, p = 0.008). The global favorable outcome was defined as NIHSS, 0-1 Barthel Index, 95-100 modified Rankin Scale, 0-1 and Glasgow Outcome Scale, 5. 

The Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of danaparoid in 1281 patients within 24 hours of onset of acute ischemic stroke. A three-stage dosage regime was used to achieve plasma anti-factor Xa activity of 0.8 unit/mL. Favorable outcome was defined as the combination of a Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) score of 1 or 2 and a modified Barthel Index (BI) score of 12 or greater (on a scale of 0-20) at 3 months or 7 days. Very favorable outcome required the combination of a GOS score of 1 and a Barthel Index (BI) score of 19 or 20 at 3 months or 7 days. 

Cruz J, Minoja G, Okuchi K, Facco E. Successful use of the new high-dose mannitol treatment in patients with Glasgow Coma Scale scores of 3 and bilateral abnormal pupillary widening a randomized trial. J Neurosurg 2004 100(3) 376-383. 

Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) A scale for evaluating level of consciousness after central nervous system injury (evaluates eye opening and verbal and motor responsiveness). 

Lack A and Seidlitz H. 1993. Commercial scale decaffeination of coffee and tea using supercritical CCb. In King MB and Bott TR, editors. Extraction of natural products using near-critical solvents. Glasgow Blackie Academic, p. 101—139. 

Neurologic function should be assessed by the Cerebral Performance Category and the Glasgow Coma Scale. 

A complete analysis of the clinical studies would require a catalogue just to list the trial anagrams a complete bibliography would require a volume larger than this book. Schematically, these trials often referred to by their anagrams, have used mortality and disability scales (NIHSS, Barthel, Rankin, Glasgow) as outcome criteria to assess therapeutic success. 

Hua J, Erickson LE, Yiin T-Y, Glasgow LA. A review of the effects of shear and interfacial phenomena on cell viability. Grit Rev Biotechnol 1993 13(4) 305-328. Tramper J, de Gooijer KD, Vlak JM. Scale-up considerations and bioreactor development for animal cell cultivation. Bioprocess Technol 1993 17 139-177. Griffiths B, Looby D. Scale-up of suspension and anchorage-dependent animal cells. Methods Mol Biol 1997 75 59-75. 

William entered Cambridge at the age of 16, earning high honors in mathematics. Early in 1846, just prior to his permanent appointment as Professor of Natural Philosophy at Glasgow (at age 22 ), he spent a few months in the laboratory of H. G. Regnault in Paris. There he apparently learned of Clapeyron s 1834 paper and, indirectly, of Carnot s Reflexions, which he was unable to find in Paris. Thomson was finally able to obtain and read Carnot s work in 1848, and it became the acknowledged basis for his initial 1848 proposal of the absolute temperature scale (corrected in 1854 to that used today). 

The Construction of a Geological Time-Scale. Trans. Geol. Soc. Glasgow 21, 117 (1947). 

Further clinical evidence of the role of free radicals in head injury has been provided by the recently published results of a phase II trial of polyethylene glycol-conjugated SOD in severe head injury (Glasgow Coma Scale = 3-8). In the SOD-treated patients, there was a significant decrease in the number of patients who had died or persisted in a vegetative state at 3 or 6 months post-injury [67]. A phase III trial is underway. 

Witt wrote to William Small from Glasgow on 6 May 1774 that My friend Dr. Irvine in winter discovered what is the lowest possible degree of heat, or the real beginning of the scale by which means thermometers may be made showing the real quantity of heat in bodies . (See Muirhead, Origin and Progress, vol. 2, p. 78.)... 

A 9-month-old girl presented with extreme lethargy and a modified Glasgow coma scale of 10, after having been exposed to cigarette and cannabis smoke at the home of her teenage sister s friend (141). The physical examination and laboratory results were unremarkable. Cannabinoids were detected in a urine screen. 

Grade Glasgow Coma Scale Motor or language deficit... 

Perform an integumentary assessment, including a burn assessment Perform a pain assessment Perform a trauma assessment from head to toe Perform a mental status assessment, including a Glasgow Coma Scale... 

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