Geomembranes protection

Double-liner systems proposed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency guidelines. The leachate collection layer is also considered to function as the geomembrane protection layer, (a) The flexible membrane liner, FML/composite double liner, (b) FML/compacted soil double liner (after Mitchell, 1986). With the kind permission of the Geological Society. 

Geomembrane protection Geomembrane Compacted clay Subgrade soil... 

Multi-layered liner systems (e.g. subgrade, geomembrane, protective layer, drainage layer, restoration layer) must be structurally stable especially on steep slopes. The issue of structural stability needs careful eonsideration, as is clearly illustrated by occasional, but sometime severe cases of failure and considerable damage due to sliding. The internal shear strength of the layers is usually quite large and the problems occur on the interfaces be-... 

Ensure that the durability of geomembrane protection materials is at least comparable to the desired service lifetime of the geomembrane (see Sect. 8.2). 

Knipschield, F.W., Material, selection, and dimensioning of geomembranes for groundwater protection, Waste and Refuse, 22, 39, 1985. 

To prevent the release of contaminants from an inactive Cu-Zn mine-tailings impoundment near Joutel, Quebec, a geomembrane and a protective clay cover overlain by 0.5-1.5m of till were placed on the impoundment surface (Lewis et al., 2000). The performance of this barrier is the subject of a long-term monitoring program. 

Stress Cracking Behavior of HDPE Geomembranes and Its Prevention U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1993, EPA/600/SR-93/092. 

Wilson-Fahmy RF, Narejo D, Koerner RM. Puncture protection of geomembranes, part 1 theory. Geosynthetics International 1996 3 605-27. 

The % Strain(y.axis) is determined similarly and the average of two percentage strains is taken as the % strain of the indentation. It is recommended that the average % strain should be determined for each of the three largest identifiable indentations in the lead sheet. For effective protection of a geomembrane the average % strain for each of the three selected indentations should be less than 0.25%. ... 

Shercliff, D. (1998), A Methodology for Cylinder Testing of Protectors for Geomembranes, A performance test to determine the protection afforded to a geomembrane by a geotextile or other protective materials, in specific site conditions, UK Environment Agency, March 1998. 

Brammermann, K., Blumel, W. and Stoewahse, C. (1994), Protection layers for geomembranes effectiveness and testing procedures, 5th International Conference on Geotextiles, Geomembranes and Related Products, Singapore, 5-9 September 1994. 

Luders, G. and Seeger, S. (1999), Geotextile Protective Layer systems for Geomembranes, Draft translation. Integrated Research Programme, Development of Advanced Landfill Liner System, Germany. 

Protection Protection of geomembrane against puncture by means of a cushion of nonwoven geotextile. 

Environmental regulations dictate that landfills and surface impoundments for the disposal of hazardous and non-hazardous waste have liners (base, side-slope, and cover liners) and a leachate (contaminated water that emanates from a disposal site) collection and removal system in order to protect air, water, and land resources. Base and side-slopes of containments are lined with compacted clay or geomembrane (commonly HDPE) or both. Cover liners generally incorporate a foundation material overlain by a clay and/or geomembrane (commonly VLDPE which is more flexible than HDPE) liner. Geosynthetic clay liners may be used in place of clay. The leachate collection and removal system is... 

Based on the research achievements and with support from an expert committee, BAM s own Laboratory of Landfill Engineering developed the technical specifications for plastic geomembranes and protective layers used to line landfills and contaminated sites, which have been published in certification guidelines (Muller 1995 Muller 2001), where recommendations and guidelines of specialist associations have been referenced as far as possible. In accordance with these specifications only HDPE geomembranes have been certified for landfill applications. 

The protective foil or edge strip must allow its removal prior to welding without any adhesive residue remaining on the geomembrane. 

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