Gastric cancer risk factors

Cigarette smoking seems to increase gastric cancer risk approximately two-fold, though a dose-response relationship has not been identified. Alcohol consumption is not by itself an independent risk factor. 

Ramon, J., Serra, L., Cerdo, C. et al.. Dietary factors and gastric cancer risk a case-control study... 

Cocco P, Ward MH, Dosemeci M Occupational risk factors for cancer of the gastric cardia. J Occup Environ Med 40(10) 855-86f, 1998... 

Answer Peptic ulcer disease is most frequently secondary to either Helicobacter pylori infection or use of NSAIDs. The patient does admit to NSAID use (naproxen), but should also be checked for concomitant H. pylori infection at time of endoscopy or by a serology test. If the patient was found to have H. pylori, an appropriate eradication regimen should be prescribed. The patient should also be counseled to avoid NSAIDs. The patient should be prescribed a proton pump inhibitor for 8 weeks to heal the ulcer. A repeat endoscopy should be done at that time to document ulcer healing and rule out gastric cancer. In addition, the patient should be counseled to stop smoking, which is a risk factor for more severe peptic ulcer disease. 

Cocco P, Palli D, Buiatti E, et al. 1994. Occupational exposures as risk factors for gastric cancer in Italy. Cancer Causes Control 5 241-248. 

Cocco P, Ward MH, Buiatti E. 1996. Occupational risk factors for gastric cancer An overview. Epidemiol Rev 18 218-234. 

Abstract Persistent colonization of the human stomach by Helicobacter pylori is a risk factor for the development of peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. Adhesion of microbes to the target tissue is an important determinant for successful initiation, establishment and maintenance of infection, and a variety of different candidate carbohydrate receptors for H. pylori have been identified. Here the different the binding specifities, and their potential role in adhesion to human gastric epithelium are described. Finally, recent findings on the roles of sialic acid binding SabA adhesin in interactions with human neutrophils and erythrocytes are discussed. 

H. pylori is an important risk factor for gastric cancer but not EAC. It is of interest to note that there is an inverse relationship between cagA"" strain of H. pylori infection and risk of EAC. This is consistent with reports that the cagA strain is more commonly seen in patients with EAC, GERD, and Barrett s esophagus. ... 

M., Correa, P., Blof W., Fraumeni, J., and Xu, G. 2000. Gastric dysplasia and gastric cancer Helicobacter pylori, serum vitamin C, and other risk factors. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 92(19), 1607-1612. 

Walters, C. L. (1976) Gastric juice nitrite, A risk factor for cancer in the hypochlorhydric stomach. Lancet, ii 7994. 

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