Garden hoses

Ixt .s talk about the pump efficiency. Imagine a small pump connected to a garden hose squirting a stream of water across the lawn. You could direct the How from the ho.se up into the air at about a 45-degree angle, and the stream would arc upward and attain its best distance of reach from the nozzle or launch point. The stream of water would attain a specific height into the air and a specific distance. The efficiency curve of a pump is seen as the trajectory or arc of a stream of water. When squirted from a hose, the elevation that attains the be.st distance, when plotted onto the pump curve, is called the best efficiency point (RHP). On the pump curve, it is seen as in Figure 7. ... 

The requirements for garden hose are somewhat less critical and both filler and extender may be incorporated to reduce cost (Formula 4). 

Extrusion operations are involved in making cables, garden hose-pipes and sections. It is necessary to ensure the following conditions ... 

Tubes and profiles remain a small but important market for PPVC, with garden hose being one well-known end-use. Other examples are trim and edging strips for furniture. 

G-F Most conventional processes Molded appliance and automotive parts, garden hose, vending machine tubing... 

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is one of the most widely used thermoplastics. It can be extruded into sheets and film and blow molded into bottles. It is used in many common items such as garden hoses, shower curtains, irrigation pipes, and paint formulations. 

The flexibility of some plastics can be improved by the addition of small molecules called plasticizers. For example, pure PVC turns brittle and cracks too easily to make useful flexible plastic products. With an added plasticizer, however, PVC can be used to make seat covers for automobiles, raincoats, garden hoses, and other flexible plastic objects. Plasticizers must be liquids that mix readily with the pol Tner. In addition, they must have low volatility so that they do not escape rapidly from the plastic. Dioctylphthalate is a liquid plasticizer that is formed by condensing two alcohol molecules with one molecule of phthalic acid, as illustrated in Figure 13-10. 

You have probably noticed that when you turn on the garden hose it will whip about uncontrollably if it is not restrained. This is because of the unbalanced forces developed by the change of momentum in the tube. If a 1/2 in. ID hose carries water at a rate of 50 gpm, and the open end of the hose is bent at an angle of 30° to the rest of the hose, calculate the components of the force (magnitude and direction) exerted by the water on the bend in the hose. Assume that the loss coefficient in the hose is 0.25. 

The sample solution is aspirated (drawn by vacuum) from its original container through a small tube and converted to an aerosol, or fine mist, prior to the mixing. These steps (aspiration and conversion to an aerosol) are accomplished with the use of a nebulizer at the head of the mixing chamber. The nebulizer is a small (3 cm long, 1 cm in diameter) adjustable device resembling the nozzle one places on the end of a garden hose to create a water spray. There are two inlets to the nebulizer. One inlet is a small plastic... 

Flexible PVC resins and other dioctylphthalate-containing plastics and resins are used in a variety of industrial and domestic products plastisols for carpetback coating (EPA 1987b), film, wire, cables, and adhesives (HSDB 1995). Additional end-use products are automobile and furniture upholstery, wall coverings, window shades, garden hoses, shower curtains, tablecloths, rainwear, shoes, dolls, and toys (Mannsville Chemical Products Corporation 1989). 

A garden hose leaks four cups of water per day. Flow many gallons are leaked per week ... 

Sporting goods, scratch-resistant golf balls, skittle and bowling pin covers, ski boots... Garden hoses. .. 

Home leisure sector applications consume 7% of the total for PVC o garden hoses... 

Use a can with a fine spray for small seedlings, or a watering lance attached to a garden hose. 

Uses Plasticizer in PVC flooring and other flexible PVC products (e.g., bottles, garden hoses, fishing lures, fabric coatings, flexible medical plastics, tarps, and awnings), films, and sheets in vacuum pumps. Also used in fluorescent lighting ballasts manufactured after 1979 as a replacement for PCBs (U.S. EPA, 1998). 

Di-n-octylphthalate (DnOP) is used primarily to produce flexible plastics. Diisononyl phthalate (DiNP) is actually a mixture of phthalates with branched alkyl side chains of varying length (C8, C9, and CIO). DiNP is primarily used (more than 95%) to produce flexible plastics and has been used to replace DEHP in some plastics. DiNP is now widely used in products such as children s toys, flooring, gloves, drinking straws, and garden hoses. The remaining 5% of DiNP is... 

The equipment is not costly. It involves a small pump (Little Giant at 100), garden hose (30 meters for - 30), a small generator (Honda 6K Watt at - 400) and a small grab (- 400). For less than 1,000 one can be totally operational from a row boat. Additional gear can be added as affordable to follow temperature, salinity, pigments, nutrients and bioluminescence in the water column (Figure 14). 

Sulfonated EPDMs are formulated to form a number of rubbery products including adhesives for footwear, garden hoses, and in the formation of calendered sheets. Perfluori-nated ionomers marketed as Nation (DuPont) are used for membrane applications including chemical-processing separations, spent-acid regeneration, electrochemical fuel cells, ion-selective separations, electrodialysis, and in the production of chlorine. It is also employed as a solid -state catalyst in chemical synthesis and processing. lonomers are also used in blends with other polymers. 

Repeat at two week intervals for three applications. Caution there have been reports of soap damaging leaves. Using a garden hose outdoors, or a mister indoors, to spray both tops and bottoms of the leaves may be able to control spider mites without using soap. 

Your garden hose is your best friend in fighting most outdoor pests. Spray the... 

Your garden hose is your best friend in fighting most outdoor pests. Spray the leaves hard enough to blow the pests away, but not hard enough to damage the leaves, don t forget to spray the underside of the leaves too. A fine mist nozzle works best for this. 

Did you ever turn a bicycle over on its handle bars, and squirt water from a garden hose at its front wheel What causes the wheel to spin with such great speed What is the property of water, striking the... 

Figure 7.13. Apparatus for extracting organic solutes from water. Apparatus for extracting organic solutes from finished drinking water samples. (A) standard garden hose coupling, (B) Teflon washer, (C) 1/2 inch...

Composite Samples. The apparatus shown in Figure 7.13 is used for composite sampling of a 24-hour period. The standard garden hose coupling is attached to a suitable faucet and the water flow adjusted to deliver >-150 cm3/min. After 24 hr the XAD—2 column is removed from the coupling... 

An unusually wide variety of products and usages are possible with plasticized vinyls. Typical applications include floor and wall coverings, boots, rainwear, jackets, upholstery, garden hose, electrical insulation, film and sheeting, foams and many others. 

If a stream of liquid is vibrated along its axis, the stream will break up into drops (pick a nice summer day and try it with a garden hose). The characteristics of this drop formation are governed by an equation that will be familiar to anyone who has studied light waves v = f/l, where v is the velocity of the stream, f is the frequency of the vibration applied, and k is the wave length or distance between the drops. One other fact that needs to be known before we can under-... 

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