Fundamentals in Colloid Science

This chapter provides a brief introduction to the fundamentals in colloid science. It addresses the physico-chemical properties of single colloidal particles as well as the processes at the interface and the structure of the interfacial layer. It further examines the non-viscous interactions that occur among colloidal particles. For detailed explanation, the reader is referred to the textbooks of Adamson and Gast (1997), Hunter (1988, 1993), Lyklema (1991, 1995, 2000), or Israelachvili (1992). 

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J. Lyklema, Fundamentals in Colloid and Interface Science, vol. 1-5. (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1991-2005)... 

The book content is arranged into three parts. Part I covers the fundamentals of colloid science. This is intended for soil scientists and other researchers not familiar with these principles. Because of that, and as there are many excellent books covering colloid and interface science fundamentals (Verwey and Overbeek 1948 Shaw 1992 Lyklema 1995 Birdi 1997 Hiemenz and Rajagopalan 1997 Hubbard 2002 Shchukin et al. 2002 Birdi 2009), this part discusses all the important concepts but without too much detail, such as extensive mathematical derivations. Part II deals with soil composition and its components, especially the main ones clay and oxide minerals and humic substances. In a similar way to Part I, this is mainly intended for scientists and... 

When applying the laws of dilute solution physical chemistry, it is generally presumed that the solute is miscible with (soluble in) the solvent in the mixture of interest. If this is not true, then the mixture is heterogeneous (in a phase sense) and must be treated accordingly. In colloid science, solubility plays an important role in the collapse of the colloidal structure of emulsions and dispersions by ripening. t is apparent from these observations that solubility is a fundamental property of all surfactant systems, and because the practical utility of a consumer product is dictated by its physical chemistry and colloid science [1], solubility is therefore also relevant to utility and performance. 

Learn the fundamentals of some common experimental methods in colloidal science light-scattering techniques, zeta potential measurements, and rheology. 

Inlegrating fundamental research with the technical applications of this rapidly evolving field, Structure and Functional Properties of Colloidal Systems clearly presents the connections between structure and functional aspects in colloid and interface science. It explores the physical fundamentals of colloid science, new developments of synthesis and conditioning, and many possible applications. 

H. Lyklema, Fundamentals oflnte ace and Colloid Science, Aca demic Press, London, Vol. 1, 1991 Vol. 2, 1993 further volumes in press. 

The reviews collected in this book convey some of the themes recurrent in nano-colloid science self-assembly, constraction of supramolecular architecture, nanoconfmement and compartmentalization, measurement and control of interfacial forces, novel synthetic materials, and computer simulation. They also reveal the interaction of a spectrum of disciplines in which physics, chemistry, biology, and materials science intersect. Not only is the vast range of industrial and technological applications depicted, but it is also shown how this new way of thinking has generated exciting developments in fundamental science. Some of the chapters also skirt the frontiers, where there are still unanswered questions. 

Norde W, Buijs J, Lyklema H (2005) Adsorption of globular proteins. In Lyklema J (ed) Fundamentals of interface and colloid science, vol V soft colloids, Chapter 3. Elsevier, Amsterdam... 

Interface and colloid science has a very wide scope and depends on many branches of the physical sciences, including thermodynamics, kinetics, electrolyte and electrochemistry, and solid state chemistry. Throughout, this book explores one fundamental mechanism, the interaction of solutes with solid surfaces (adsorption and desorption). This interaction is characterized in terms of the chemical and physical properties of water, the solute, and the sorbent. Two basic processes in the reaction of solutes with natural surfaces are 1) the formation of coordinative bonds (surface complexation), and 2) hydrophobic adsorption, driven by the incompatibility of the nonpolar compounds with water (and not by the attraction of the compounds to the particulate surface). Both processes need to be understood to explain many processes in natural systems and to derive rate laws for geochemical processes. 

It is beyond the scope of this Chapter to discuss all kinds of various coating techniques, properties of the supports, properties of the coatings and the various fields of application of the composites in catalysis, separation techniques, materials science, colloid science, sensor technology, biocompatible materials, biomi-metic materials, optics etc. The scope had to be restricted to the fundamental properties of ultrathin organic layers on solid supports followed by some examples, outlining the benefit of the tailored functional surfaces such as SAM and polymer brushes for catalysis. 

Thus, fundamentally the interest is in testing the limits and theory of polymer behavior in end-tethered systems, e.g., viscoelastic behavior, wetting and surface energies, adhesion, shear forces relevant to tribology, etc. It should be noted that relevant surfaces and interfaces can also refer to polymers adsorbed in liquid-liquid, liquid-gas, solid-gas, and solid-liquid interfaces, which makes these polymer systems also of prime importance in interfacial science and colloidal phenomena (Fig. 2). Correspondingly, a wide number of potential applications can be enumerated ranging from lubrication and microelectronics to bioimplant surfaces. 

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