Frey studies

Intramolecular additions of carbon-centered radicals to the A-terminus of imines are reported. Frey studied the mechanism of the interconversion of L-a-lysine to L-) -lysine catalyzed by lysine 2,3-aminomutase [69]. They proved the feasibility of a radical mechanism involving a 3-exo cyclization of a primary radical to the N=C bond followed by ring opening to the most stable radical by performing the reaction under tin hydride conditions (Scheme 24). This overall process corresponds to a 1,2-imino shift. 

Numerous studies on lavas from the Hawaiian Islands have shown that over the lifespan of a volcano, the major- and trace-element chemistry of the erupted basalts vary significantly and systematically (MacDonald and Katsura 1964 Chen and Frey 1985). This variation is believed to be the result of movement of the Pacific plate, over the... 

Frey W, Laermer F, Elsaesser T (1991) Femtosecond studies of excited-state proton and deuterium transfer in benzothiazole compounds. J Phys Chem 95 10391-10395... 

Momany, F. A., R. Rone, H. Kunz, R. F. Frey, S. Q. Newton, and L. Schafer. 1993. Geometry Optimization, Energetics and Solvation Studies on Four- and Five-mem-bered Cyclic and Disulfide-bridged Peptides, Using the Programs QUANTA3.3 and CHARMm 22. J. Mol. Struct. 286, 1-18. 

Schafer, L., I. S. Bin Drees, R. F. Frey, C. Van Alsenoy, and J. D. Ewbank. 1995c. Molecular Orbital Constrained Gas Electron Diffraction Study of N-Acetyl N -MEthyl Alanine Amide. J. Mol. Struct. (Theochem) 338, 71-82. 

Goldsbury, C. S., Wirtz, S., Muller, S. A., Sundetji, S., Wicki, P., Aebi, U., and Frey, P. (2000b). Studies on the in vitro assembly of A beta 1-40 Implications for the search for A beta fibril formation inhibitors./ Struct. Biol. 130, 217-231. 

Wee, T. G., Frey, P. A. Studies on the mechanism of action of uridine diphosphate galactose 4-epimerase. Substate dependent reduction by sodium borohydride. J. Biol. Chem. 248, 33—40 (1973). 

Mantle composition can also be assessed through examination of lavas from other oceanic settings. In a study of well-characterized Hawaiian lavas, Chan and Frey (2003) found a total range indH i that overlaps the range for MORE, +2.5 to +5.7. Other data from Kilauea volcano substantiate this range (Tomascak et al. 1999b). The Hawaii data, when compared with other isotopic and elemental parameters, suggested incorporation of recycled altered oceanic crust into the source of the Hawaiian plume (Chan and Frey 2003). 

Overberger and Borchert (1960) were the first to report that the P3u olysis of vinylcyclopropane yielded cyclopentene as the major product. Independently Flowers and Frey (1961b) studied this isomerization and found that it was homogeneous and kinetically first order and almost certainly unimolecular. The Arrhenius equation for the isomerization was found to be... 

The decomposition of this compound has been studied between 408 and 474° C (Flowers and Frey, 1962b). The overall rate of decomposition is given by... 

The recent syntheses of this compound have made it available for thermal studies (Wiberg and Lampman, 1963 Frey and Stevens, 1964 Srinivasan, 1963). Above 190° C, bicyclobutane isomerizes to butadiene. The reaction is predominantly homogeneous but there is some evidence for a small heterogeneous component of the reaction. The results of Srinivasan et al. (1965) yield the Arrhenius equation... 

The effects of kavain on human electrophysiology was examined in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study (Frey 1991). Dose-dependent increases were seen in delta, theta, and alpha 1 power, and decreases ocurred in alpha 2 and beta power. These changes were suggestive of a sedative effect of kavain, and were maximal in frontal areas. Interestingly, an initial activating effect was seen at the lowest dose (200 mg) but not at the largest dose (600 mg). 

Niviere, V., Hatchikian, C., Cambillau, C. and Frey, M. (1987) Crystallization, preliminary X-ray study and crystal activity of the hydrogenase from Desulfovibrio gigas. J. Mol. Biol., 195, 969-71. 

Abigail Rose was raised in Somerset, England. She obtained her B.Sc. degree in Chemistry from the University of Southampton in 1998. She remained at Southampton, obtaining an M.Phil. in 1999 under the supervsion of Jeremy Frey and a Ph.D. in Physical Chemistry in 2003 working with Andrea Russell. Her Ph.D. thesis work, funded by the EPSRC at Johnson Matthey, was on the applications of in situ EXAFS to the study of PEM fuel cell catalysts. Presently, she is working as a fuel cell scientist at DstI, Porton Down, a U.K. Ministry of Defence research laboratory. 

Replacement of the hydroxamic acid moiety of SAHA by an alternative chelator has been the subject of several studies. Suzuki and Miyata et al. have shown that replacement of the hydroxamic acid of SAHA with a free thiol moiety does not affect the enzymatic HDAC inhibition capability of the compound [57]. Furthermore, replacement of the hydroxamic acid of SAHA by a trifluoromethyl ketone was investigated by Frey et al. (Fig. 8) [58]. The activated ketone is readily hydrated to form the vicinal diol, a structural feature known to bind to zinc-dependent proteases [59]. The in vitro evaluation was done on a partially purified HDAC preparation consisting largely of HDAC 1 and HDAC2 [60], exhibiting an IC50 of 6.7 xM. 

Russo, E. B., A. Merzouki, J. M. Mesa, K. A. Frey, and P. J. Bach. Cannabis improves night vision a case study of dark adaptometry and scotopic sensitivity in kif smokers of the Rif mountains of northern Morocco. J Ethnopharmacol 2004 93(1) 99-104. D Souza, D. C., E. Perry, L. MacDougall, et al. The psychotomimetic effects of intravenous delta-P-tetrahydrocannab inol in healthy individuals implications for psychosis. Neuropsychophar-... 

Zeidler, D., Frey, S., Kompa, K. L., and Motzkus, M. 2001a. Evolutionary algorithms and their application to optimal control studies. Phys. Rev. A 64(2) 023420. 

The phytoalexins are a special class of defensive agents that has attracted much attention in view of agricultural applications. Perhaps the most advanced study concerns insecticidal and antimicrobial benzoxazins of the Gramineae, which have been elucidated to the gene level (Frey 1997). A survey of phytoalexins is presented in Chart 12.2. 

Receptor-mediated endocytosis may be possible because receptors have a high affinity for BDNF (Deckner et al. 1993). A linear relation between intranasal administration of -labeled NGF and brain concentrations of the compound suggest that this transportation is not mediated by receptors and that this releasing method of agents to the brain via olfactory nerves may be effective for many therapies (Frey et al. 1995). BDNF and the insulin-type growth factor (IGF-1) are currently used in clinical studies (Appel 1997). 

Saletu B, Frey R, Krupka M, et al Sleep laboratory studies on the single-dose effects of serotonin uptake inhibitors paroxetine and fluoxetine on human sleep and waking qualities. Sleep 14 439-447, 1991... 

Frey, F.A., Green, D.H. and Roy, S.D., 1978. Integrated models of basalts petrogenesis a study of quartz tholeiite to olivine melilitites from South Eastern Australia utilizing geochemical and experimental data. J. Petrol., 19 463-513. 

Carpenter, A.V., Flanders, W.D., Frome, E.L., Tankersley, W.G. Frey, S.A. (1988) Chemical exposures and central nervous system cancers a case-control study among workers at two nuclear facilities. Am. J. ind. Med., 13, 351-362... 

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