Lipids Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy

Gordon, L.M., Lee, K.Y.C., Lipp, M.M., Zasadzinski, J.A., Walther, F.J., Sherman, M. A., and Waring, A.J. Conformational mapping of the N-terminal segment of surfactant protein B in lipid using C-13-enhanced Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. J. Peptide Res. 

The analytical techniques proposed in the literature generally give reliable information on lipids present in the paint layer. However, the presence of lipid mixtures and of particular environmental conservation conditions may affect the lipid pattern to such an extent that their identification may be very difficult and sometimes erroneous. Thus, a multianalytical approach is recommended which integrates chromatographic data with techniques such as mapping based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy or SIM on cross-sections, in order to better understand the distribution of lipids in the various paint layers. 

In order to learn about the phase states adopted by LPS and lipid A, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray small-angle diffraction with CuXa or synchrotron radiation have been applied. In the following section, some recent results are summarized. 

Vandenbussche G, Clercx A, Clercx M, et al. Secondary structure and orientation of the surfactant protein SP-B in a lipid environment. A Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy study. Biochemistry 1992 31(38) 9169-9176. 

Aspartic peptidases, 365 Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI), used with LC/MS ATR-FTIR. see Attenuated total reflection Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), trans fatty acids, 505-511 Autoxidation. see also Oxidation discussed, 535 of lipids, 558, 627 prevention of, 558... 

Moore, D.J., M.E. Rerek, and R. Mendelsohn. 1997. Lipid domains and orthorhombic phases in model stratum corneum Evidence from fourier transform infrared spectroscopy studies. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 231 797. 

In THE PAST DECADE, IMPROVEMENTS IN infrared spectroscopic instrumentation have contributed to significant advances in the traditional analytical applications of the technique. Progress in the application of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to physiochemical studies of colloidal assemblies and interfaces has been more uneven, however. While much Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic work has been generated about the structure of lipid bilayers and vesicles, considerably less is available on the subjects of micelles, liquid crystals, or other structures adopted by synthetic surfactants in water. In the area of interfacial chemistry, much of the infrared spectroscopic work, both on the adsorption of polymers or proteins and on the adsorption of surfactants forming so called "self-assembled" mono- and multilayers, has transpired only in the last five years or so. 

Gibbs, A. and Crowe, J.H. (1991). Intra-individual variation in cuticular lipids studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy../. Insect Physiol., 37, 743-748. 

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) Studies. Infrared spectra of hairless mouse stratum corneum, lipid extract and protein residue are illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 for the 4000 to 2600 cm-2 and 1800 to 1360 cm-2 regions, respectively. 

Brandenburg, K. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy characterization of the lamellar and non-lamellar structures of free lipid A and Re lipopolysaccharides from Salmonella Minnesota and Escherichia coli. Biophys J 64 (1993) 1215-1231. 

Brandenburg, K., Seydel, U. Investigation into the fluidity of lipopolysaccharide and free lipid A membrane systems by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. Eur J. Biochem 191 (1990) 229-236. 

The use of Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) in particles produced by spray chilling mainly predicts the detection of possible interactions between the active ingredient and the lipid carrier. Normally, the analysis individually studies the components (matrix and active compound, and other components, when available) that will form the capsules. Specific absorption bands will be observed in determined regions or in a specific wavelength. After that, the analysis of the microparticles that are already formed is carried out. The discussion involves changes in the absorption bands of ingredients and formed microparticles, with the comparison of the peaks observed in both cases. 

Lewis, R.N., McElhaney, R.N. Membrane lipid phase transitions and phase organization studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1828, 2347-2358 (2013)... 

I. Comut, B. Desbat, J.M. Turlet, and J. Dufourcq. In situ study by p>olarization modulated fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of the structure and orientation of lipids and amphipathic peptides at the air-water interface. Biophys. J., 70 (1996) 305-312. 

M.J. Citra and P.H. Axelsen. Determination of molecular order in supported lipid membranes by internal reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Biophys. J., 71 (1996) 1796-1805. 

The availability of the purified transporter in large quantity has enabled investigation of its secondary structure by biophysical techniques. Comparison of the circular dichroism (CD) spectrum of the transporter in lipid vesicles with the CD spectra of water-soluble proteins of known structure indicated the presence of approximately 82% a-helix, 10% ) -turns and 8% other random coil structure [97]. No / -sheet structure was detected either in this study or in a study of the protein by the same group using polarized Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy [98]. In our laboratory FTIR spectroscopy of the transporter has similarly revealed that... 

Takeuchi, Y. et al. Effects of oleic acid/propylene glycol on rat abdominal stratum comeum lipid extraction and appearance of propylene glycol in the dermis measured by Fourier transform infrared/attenuated total reflectance (FT-IR/ATR) spectroscopy. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 4/(8) 1434-1437, 1993. 

Membrane fluidity is determined by following anisotropic rotation of fluorescent or spin probes. Liquid-crystalline (or fluid) to gel thermotropic phase transition of lipids (Figure 1) (cf. Section 3.1.1 l)in liposomes or intact biomembranes can be followed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy or differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy provides a sensitive means for characterizing the structure and electrical properties of the surface-bound membranes. The results from impedance analysis are consistent with a single biomembrane-mimetic structure being assembled on metal and semiconductor electrode surfaces. The structures formed by detergent dialysis may consist of a hydrophobic alkyl layer as one leaflet of a bilayer and the lipid deposited by dialysis as the other. Proteins surrounded by a bound lipid layer may simultaneously incorporate into pores in the alkylsilane layer by hydrophobic interactions during deposition of the lipid layer. This model is further supported by the composition of the surface-bound membranes and by Fourier transform infrared analyses (9). 

Lipid oxidation can be followed with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy within the range of 4000 to 700 cm (Figure 8.7). Attempts to replace the classic PV... 

It would be most desirable to study lipid oxidation in intact food products without the extraction or sample preparation steps currently necessary (e.g., pelletization, freeze-drying). Perhaps improvements in techniques such as the Fourier transform infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy (Yang and Irudayaraj, 2000) will open such possibilities. 

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