Membrane lipids phase transition

Foht PJ, Quynh MT, Lewis RNAH, McElhaney RN. Quantitation of the phase preferences of the major lipids of the Acholeplasma laidlawii B membrane. Biochemistry 1995 34 13811-13817. Lewis RNAH, McElhaney RN. Acholeplasma laidlawii B membranes contain a lipid (glycxerylphosphoryldiglucosyl diacylgly-cerol) which forms micellar rather than lamellar or reversed phases when dispersed in water. Biochemistry 1995 34 13818-13824. Steim JM, Tonrtellotte ME, Reinert JC, McElhaney RN, Rader RL. Calorimetric evidence for the liquid-crystalline state of lipids in a biomembrane. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1969 63 104-109. Reinert JC, Steim JM. Calorimetric detection of a membrane lipid phase transition in living cells. Science 1970 168 1580-1582. Melchior DL, Morowitz HJ, Sturtevant JM, Tsong TY. Characterization of the plasma membrane of Mycolplasma laidlawii. Vni. Phase transitions of membrane lipids. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1970 219 114-122. 

An overwhelming majority of the studies on the membrane lipid phase transitions have been performed with simplified... 

Lewis, R.N., McElhaney, R.N. Membrane lipid phase transitions and phase organization studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1828, 2347-2358 (2013)... 

Upon cooling organisms from the growth temperature, the first membrane lipid phase transition that is likely to occur is that from hexagonal-II or other non-la mellar phase to liquid-crystalline bilayer. There is no evidence that this transition results in irreversible damage... 

Discuss the effects on the lipid phase transition of pure dimyris-toyl phosphatidylcholine vesicles of added (a) divalent cations, (b) cholesterol, (c) distearoyl phosphatidylserine, (d) dioleoyl phosphatidylcholine, and (e) integral membrane proteins. 

The quality of alignment in the oriented membrane samples was examined by P-NMR. Figure 4A shows that the lipids are well oriented at all temperatures above and below the lipid phase transition at Tm 23 °C. Any potential disturbance of the bilayer by the peptide was also examined by P-NMR, using a very high peptide lipid ratio of 1 10 in multilamellar vesicles. The charac-... 

LIPID PHASE TRANSITION KINETICS LIPID PHASE TRANSITION KINETICS LIPID TRACER KINETICS Lipid transfer across membrane bilayers, PHOSPHOLIPID FLIP-FLOP Lipoamide,... 

LIPID PHASE TRANSITION KINETICS Membrane lipid asymmetry,... 

I assume there must be some temperature dependence of hapten binding. Is there any correlation (or absence of correlation) with solid-liquid lipid phase transitions (i.e., with membrane fluidity) ... 

Rourke, B.C. and Gibbs, A.G. (1999). Effects of lipid phase transitions on cuticular permeability model-membrane and in situ studies. J. Experim. Biol., 202, 3255-3262. 

The influence of substituent size, polarity, and location on the thermotropic properties of synthetic phosphatidylcholines has been studied by Menger et al. [18], The effect of increasing membrane curvature on the phase transition has been investigated by DSC and FTIR [19]. In addition, a data bank, LIPIDAT, on lipid phase transition temperatures and enthalpy changes is available [20, 21],... 

Phase transition is an important property of membranes. Below the phase transition temperature, lipids are tilted and highly ordered. They are in their solid or "gel" state. Increasing the temperature leads to a pre-transition, characterized by periodic undulations and straightening of the hydrocarbon chain. Further increase of the temperature causes the main phase transition. Above the main phase transition temperature, lipids are fluid or "liquid crystalline." Figure 3 shows the phase diagram for the interaction of water with a lipid as well as its inferred arrangements in a model membrane (5). Phase transitions in membranes and membrane models have been extensively studied by spectroscopic techniques and by differential scanning calorimetry. 

Membrane lipids are invariably polymorphic that is, they can exist in a variety of kinds of organized structures, especially when hydrated. The particular polymorphic form that predominates depends not only on the stmcture of the lipid molecule itself and on its degree of hydration, but also on such variables as temperature, pressure, ionic strength and pH (see References 11 and 12 and article Lipids, Phase Transitions of). However, under physiologically relevant conditions, most (but not all) membrane lipids exist in the lamellar or bilayer phase, usually in the lamellar liquid-crystalline phase but sometimes in the lamellar gel phase. It is not surprising, therefore, that the lamellar gel-to-liquid-crystalline or chain-melting phase transition has been the most intensively studied lipid phase transition... 

Hackenbrock CR, Hochh M, Chan RM. Calorimetric and freeze fractnre analysis of lipid phase transitions and lateral translational motion of intramembrane particles in mitochondrial membranes. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1976 455 466 84. 

Madden TD, Vigo C, Bmckdorfer KR, Chapman D. The incorporation of cholesterol into mitochondrial membranes and its effect on lipid phase transition. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1980 599 528-537. 

Trauble H, Sackmann E. Studies of crystalline-liquid crystalline phase-transihon of lipid model membranes.3. Structure of a steroid-lecithin system below and above lipid-phase transition. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1972 94 4499-4510. 

One example, which demonstrates the feasibility of this approach, is a time-resolved study on sarcoplasmic reticulum membranes during active transport this will be reviewed in some detail in the following paragraphs. Other important applications are the studies on the kinetics of lipid phase transitions, where only optical turbidity methods and certain spectroscopic relaxation techniques are able to provide useful information on the rates, however not on the actual structural processes and possible intermediates. 

There are many vital cellular processes, such as membrane fusion, which must involve, if only locally and transiently, changes in lipid phase state. To date, however, little attention has been paid to the dynamics of lipid phase interconversions. If, indeed, such changes are physiologically relevant, they must occur on a time scale comparable with those taking place in vivo. Thus, there is a need to establish the kinetics of lipid phase transitions. In addition to the kinetics, little is known about the mechanism of lipid phase transitions. Such information is integral to our understanding... 

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