Colloidal assemblies

Pileni M P 1997 Nanosized particles made in colloidal assemblies Langmuir Z 3266... 

Pilen, M. P. (1997). Nanosized Particles Made In Colloidal Assembly. Langmuir, 13, 3266-3276. 

M. P. Pileni, in J. S. Bradley (ed.) Colloidal Assemblies Used as Microreactors in Handbook of Surface and Colloid Chemistry, CRC, Boca Raton, FL 1997, 495. 

Grieser F, Ashokkumar M (2004) In Caruso F (ed) Sonochemical synthesis of inorganic and organic colloids, colloids and colloid assemblies. Wiley-VCH GmbH Co. KgaA, Weinheim, pp 120-149... 

Schroden, R. and Stein, A. (2004) in Colloids and Colloid Assemblies (ed.F. Caruso), Wiley-VC H, Weinheim, Chapter 15. 

Increasingly chemists are contributing to the synthesis of advanced materials with enhanced or novel properties by using colloidal assemblies as templates. Colloid chemistry is particularly well suited to this objective since nanoparticles, by definition, are colloidal and since processing of advanced materials involve reactions at solid-solid, solid-liquid or solid-gas interfaces (3-5). 

Copper ions have been reduced in colloidal assemblies differing in their structures (55,56). In all cases, copper metal particles are obtained. Figure 9.3.1 shows the freeze-fracture electron microscopy (FFEM) for the various parts of the phase diagram. Their structures have been determined by SAXS, conductivity, FFEM, and by predictions of microstructures that require only notions of local curvature and local and global packing constraints. 

Fig. 9.3.2 Change in the copper metal shape with the increasing in the water content, w, of the colloidal assembly and keeping Cu(AOT)2 concentration constant. [Cu(AOT)2] = 5 X 10 2 M.

Jonas U, del Campo A, Kruger C, Glasser G, Boos D (2002) Colloidal assemblies on patterned silane layers. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99 5034—5039... 

Landfester, K. Antonietti, M. Miniemulsions for the convenient synthesis of organic and inorganic nanoparticles and single molecule applications in materials chemistry. Colloids Colloid. Assembl., 175-215 (2004). 

In THE PAST DECADE, IMPROVEMENTS IN infrared spectroscopic instrumentation have contributed to significant advances in the traditional analytical applications of the technique. Progress in the application of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to physiochemical studies of colloidal assemblies and interfaces has been more uneven, however. While much Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic work has been generated about the structure of lipid bilayers and vesicles, considerably less is available on the subjects of micelles, liquid crystals, or other structures adopted by synthetic surfactants in water. In the area of interfacial chemistry, much of the infrared spectroscopic work, both on the adsorption of polymers or proteins and on the adsorption of surfactants forming so called "self-assembled" mono- and multilayers, has transpired only in the last five years or so. 

Figure 3. Structural features of colloidal assemblies employed in light-induced...

Most of the contributions in this section refer to principles derived by study of other polymer and colloidal assemblies of nonfood origin. We would be foolish to ignore approaches from other industries, but throughout this work the peculiar and particular properties and behaviour of biopolymers and small molecules will be emphasised. 

Subramanian G., Manoharan V. N., Thome J. D., Pine D. J., Ordered macroporous materials by colloidal assembly a possible route to photonic bandgap materials, Adv. Mater. T1 (15)(1999)pp. 1261-1265. 

A number of techniques have been used for producing nanoparticles, including vapour phase techniques [72], sol-gel methods [73], sputtering [74], coprecipitation [75] etc. Two main methods can be employed for the preparation of metal nanoparticles coprecipitation and chemical reduction. In both cases, the presence of surfactant is required to govern the growth process. Typically, the coprecipitation reactions involve the thermal decomposition of organometallic precursors [76 ]. The chemical reduction occurring in colloidal assemblies... 

H. Hwang, Y.-H. Park and J.-K. Park, Optoelectrofluidic control of colloidal assembly in an optically induced electric field, Langmuir, 25(11), 6010-6014 (2009). 

A. L. Rogach, D. V Talapin, H. Weller, Semiconductor Nanoparticles. In Colloids and Colloid Assemblies , Ed. F. Caruso. WILEY-VCH, Weinheim, 2004, pp. 

Pileni M P ef a/1998 Template design of microreactors with colloidal assemblies control of the gro A4h of copper metal rods Langmuir 7359... 

Wang D, Caruso F (2001) Fabrication of polyanUine inverse opals via templating ordered colloidal assemblies. Adv Mater 13 350... 

Under a similar configuration, Yamamoto et al. also studied the Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (TIR-SERS) of oleate ions adsorbed on 5 nm Ag colloids assembled at the toluene/water interface [34]. Through careful comparisons of the SERS spectra of the oleate-stabihzed Ag colloids in the bulk water phase and at the liquid/liquid interface, the authors proposed that oleate molecules exhibit two distinctive adsorption modes on the particle surface. At the region of the particles in contact with the aqueous side of the interface, the oleate molecules are adsorbed via the ethylene group, exposing the carboxyl group to... 

In the present section, we cover the two steps for creating stationary phases from colloidal assembly. In the first step, the colloids are assembled into a regular, close-packed structure through the evaporation of the solvent or a flow-through system. As we will see later, the colloidal crystal, when filled with electrophoresis buffer, can be used directly as a solid support for capillary electrophoresis [20,21]. Alternatively, a polymeric structure can be formed around the bead template. After dissolving the beads, one is left with a regular structure of cavities and pores that can also serve as an electrophoresis support [22]. 

A class of colloidal assemblies that evokes interest in its synthesis approaches and physicochemical properties are hollow spheres or capsules [21], Hollow spheres are discrete volume closures that have a well-defined boundary separating the interior from the bulk external environment [8,22], Popular routes for the synthesis of hollow spheres can be categorized into self-assembly, chemical reactions, sequential electrostatic assembly, and interfacial stabilization approaches [9,13,23 0],... 

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