Flame retardant Nylon fibers

Retardation of the combustion of nylon fibers has been reviewed by Pearce et al. (10). Several bromine and phosphorus compounds have been suggested to be effective for flame retarding nylon 6, but none of them is used in practice on a reasonable scale (12). 

On the whole, flame retardant or flame proof nylon fibers are produced... 

Flame retardants designated for nylon include halogenated organic compounds, phosphorous derivatives, and melamine cyanurate (160—163). Generally, flame retardants are difficult to spin in nylon because of the high loading required for effectiveness and their adverse effects on melt viscosity and fiber physical properties. 

Uses. As a flame retardant on Nylon 6 fibers intermediate in the production of pesticides and herbicides as a stabilizer in oil and plaster an additive to lubricants... 

Flame relardanls are used in smolder-resistant upholstery fabric, combination flame retardant-durable press performance, flame-retardant treatments for wool, thermoplastic fibers (Tris. decabromodiphenyl oxide-polyacrylate finishes. Antihlu/e 19. nylon finishes), polyester-cotton fiber blends (THPOH-ummonju-Tris finish, decabromodiphenyl oxide-polyacrylate finish. THPC-amide-polytv illy I bromide) finish, THPOH-NHi and Fyrol 76. LRC-UX) finish, phusphonium salt-urea precondcn-satej. cotton-wool blends, and core-yam fabric,... 

A semi-durable organic phosphate reaction product for flame retardancy for synthetics and cellulosics. This product has shown outstanding performance when applied to nylon and similar fibers. 

Nylons prepared from aromatic diamines and diacids (aramids) can lead to very high-heat amorphous nylons such as Du Font s Nomex materials [poly(m-phenyleneisophthalamide)], or the highly oriented crystalline Kevlar fibers [poly(p-phenyleneterephthalamide)] derived from liquid-crystalline technology. Both of these aramids are sold as fibers. They have excellent inherent flame-retardant properties, and Kevlar exhibits a very high modulus. 

Chem. Descrip. Decabromodiphenyl oxide CAS 1163-19-5 EINECS/ELINCS 214-604-9 Uses Flame retardant tor thermoplastics and fibers, ind. HIPS, glass-reinforced thermoplastic polyester molding resins, LDPE extrusion coatings, PP (homo and copolymers), ABS, nylon, PBT, PET, PU, SBR latex, textiles, rubber... 

A simple and convenient method of polymer modification is to introduce an additive. This method is most effectively utilized in the modification of nylon fibers. For antistatic and conductive properties, hygroscopic polymeric materials and conductive materials such as carbon and metal powders are incorporated, respectively. For flame retardant properties, antimony trioxide is added. To impart ultraviolet shielding properties, ultraviolet absorbents are included and inoiganic particles of metal such as silver and zeolite containing metal ions are used for antibacterial and odor preventing properties. 

Polypropylene and nylon Reactive intermediate in making polyester and epoxy flame retardant resins Polyolefins, ABS, polyesters Thermosets and thermoplastics Urethane foams and polyesters Plastic foams and polyester fibers Thermoplastics usually as a synergist Engineering thermoplastics Glass reinforced nylon and PBT... 

P0lyamid6S. Bis(carboxyethyl)alkylphosphine oxide units can be introduced into the backbone of nylon-6,6 to impart flame retardancy with minimal sacrifice of physical properties. (174). Despite much effort on this approach, these products failed to reach commercialization probably for cost reasons. Small amounts of bis(carboxyethyl)phosphinic acid salts can be introduced into the chain of polyamide-6,6 to impart inherent flame retardancy and stain resistance to carpet fiber (175). 

Compounding. Although low levels of additives such as lubricants can often be incorporated during the polymerization process (internally or surface coated onto granules), in order to add the required higher levels of, eg, glass-fiber reinforcement, impact modifiers, or flame retardants, it is necessary for the nylon... 

Guanidine sulfamate is utilized as a flame retardant for PVC wall coverings in Japan. Guanidine phosphate is added as a flame retardant to textile fibers and mixtures based on melamine phosphate are used as flame retardants to polyolefins or glass reinforced nylons. 

The unnotched Izod impact strengths of thermoplastic resins are generally reduced by the addition of glass fibers. Also, the addition of flame-retardants usually results in decreased impact strength. The glass-reinforced nylon, polycarbonate, and polyurethane resins are regarded as the toughest of the reinforced thermoplastic resins. 

Nylons prepared from aromatic diamines and aromatic dicarboxylic acids can lead to very high-heat aromatic nylons (aramids). Poly (m-phenyleneisoph-thalamide), MPIA, is made from the condensation polymerization of m-phenylenediamine and isoph-thaloyl chloride and has a Tg of 280°C. Its structure is shown in Fig. 1.3. W. Sweeny, a scientist at DuPont was responsible for discoveries leading to the commercialization of MPIA and is available under the Nomex trade name. MPIA is used in fibers to make heat-resistant and flame-retardant apparel, electrical insulation, and composites. 

Wood flour Nylon fibers Flame retardants... 

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