Five test results

A frequency response technique was tried first and some results were received. The useful frequency domain was less than one order of magnitude, while in electrical problems five orders of magnitude can be scanned. The single pulse technique was more revealing, but evaluation by moments had the usual accumulation of errors. Fourier transform of the pulse test results was the final method. 

Fig. 6.2. Yield strengths from tensile tests at 23 °C are plotted against the glass transition temperatures (T,max) of the five polymers [] result of extrapolated stress-strain-curve...

Drugs were given IP in selected doses based on rotarod test results. The rats received saline and shock on day one, drug and shock on day three, and saline and shock again on day five. Data are presented as difference scores in convulsant intensity for saline versus drug within animals. 

The accuracy of an analytical method is given by the extent by which the value obtained deviates from the true value. One estimation of the accuracy of a method entails analyzing a sample with known concentration and then comparing the results between the measured and the true value. The second approach is to compare test results obtained from the new method to the results obtained from an existing method known to be accurate. Other approaches are based on determinations of the per cent recovery of known analyte spiked into blank matrices or products (i.e., the standard addition method). For samples spiked into blank matrices, it is recommended to prepare the sample at five different concentration levels, ranging over 80-120%, or 75-125%, of the target concentration. These preparations used for accuracy studies usually called synthetic mixtures or laboratory-made preparations . 

The results of a number of tests such as those described in Chapter 2 led to classifications for the peroxide group. These tests included the determination of the hazards of decomposition (deflagration and detonation), bum rate, fire hazard, and reactivity hazards. Five different classes were formulated, as listed in the NFPA 43B Hazard Class, from the test results. Emergency procedures have been established for these five classes. 

Five of the seven respondents who use a matrix also use chemical testing results as a data source. A similar number review the matrix during qualitative hazard evaluation studies (i.e., hazard and operability [HAZOP] studies, what-if, checklist, etc.). 

The repeatability interval (r) is, statistically, the 95% probability level that is, the differences between two test results are unlikely to exceed this repeatability interval more than five times in a hundred. 

The conventional bioassays based on methodology developed by FDA and expanded by FSIS use four extractant buffers, five test organisms, five growth media, two incubation temperatures, and penicillinase to detect, identify, and/or quantify antibiotics such as the penicillins, streptomycins, tetracyclines, neomycins, erythromycin, tylosin, etc. Bioassay laboratory results are used by FSIS to take regulatory action and by FDA to prosecute farmers with histories of improperly withdrawing antibiotics before marketing their herds or flocks. 

Table2.1 Test results for a five-cell stack fed with a 0.5 M methanol solution at 25 mLmin and dry oxygen at 0.76 atm at 0.69-1.58 SLPM.

Figure 2.15 Life test results for a five-cell stack at 60°C for the initial 200 h.Thestackwasfed with aO.5 M methanol solution feed at 20 mL min at the anode and with 0.76 atm dry air at 1.5 SLPM at the cathode.

Figure 2.16 Life test results for a five-cell stack at 60°C for the entire 1150h.

Sample ports are also a key issue. While the EPA accepts five pipe diameters before and two pipe diameters downstream of the sample port, experience has shown that the recommended eight pipe diameters before and two diameters after the port improves testing accuracy. The proper lengths are important to flow measurement, but they are also critical to obtaining representative dust samples. Turbulence in gas flow will result in mass emission test results that are not representative. The particulate matter will be maldistributed after an elbow and the heaviest particles will be biased to the outside wall. Even if appropriate gas rates are collected, the amount of dust may be biased to the outside wall but collected at too small a rate. 

Second hand marijuana smoke in a car can cause you to fail the next day (Nightbyrd). It is possible that second hand [marijuana] smoke will raise someone to the 50 ng/mL level however, extreme exposure is required. For instance, a closed car full of pot smokers and a non-smoker may render the non-smoker positive for both urinalysis and the hair test, provided that they are sealed in the car for a while. The Army did a case study where volunteers were put in a room pumped full of smoke for an hour, five times daily. Subjects started testing positive after the second day. The non-smoker would have to take in virtually as much second hand smoke as a smoker inhales. Non-smokers are safe in a ventilated area, as long as they don t get a hair test. According to Clinton, simply blowing crack smoke on ones hair may cause a positive hair test. Second hand pot smoke doesn t affect the hair test results as much as crack smoke does mainly because exhaled smoke contains no THC. The only pot smoke that contains THC is the smoke that hasn t entered the lungs. 

The linearity of an analytical method is its ability to elicit test results that are directly, or by means of well-defined mathematical transformation, proportional to the concentration of analytes in samples within a given range. Linearity is determined by a series of three to six injections of five or more standards whose concentrations span 80-120% of the expected concentration range. The response should be—directly or by means of a well-defined mathematical calculation—proportional to the concentrations of the analytes. A linear regression equation applied to the results should have an intercept not significantly differ-... 

Klose JK, Wallace-Bamhill GL, Craythome MWS. Performance test results for anesthesia residents over a five-day week including on-call duty. Anesthesiology 1985 63 A485. 

The adequacy of the regression equation obtained was tested by the Student s test at five test points, the results being given in Table 3.43. 

If the above approach creates practical problems, an alternative is to perform single analyses on a minimum of five test portions of the study sample. The standard deviation of replicate analysis results is an indicator of sample homogeneity and method precision. The disadvantage of this approach is that it does not provide a simultaneous measure of the analytical variance under the homogeneity test conditions. Analytical variance must be estimated from historical data (e.g. method validation) or spiked recoveries run with the homogeneity test samples. 

For the preceding tests, you may use a multipurpose strip such as Labstix that contains test areas for all these tests, except for the test for phenylpyruvate, on one strip. The individual test areas are separated from each other and clearly marked. The time requirements to read the colors are also indicated on the chart. The results of five tests can be read in 1 min. 

With five tests, we would only declare the result of any individual test to be significant if P was less than 0.05/5 = 0.01. Under these arrangements, each test will generate only a 1 per cent chance of a false positive and the series of five will entail a 5 per cent risk. 

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