Fishery consumption

Leidy, G.R. Jenkins, R.M. "The development of fishery compartments and population rate coefficients for use in reservoir ecosystem modeling. Appendix J. Digestive efficiencies and food consumption of fish." Final Report, Agreement No. WES-76-2, USDI Fish and Wildlife Service National Reservoir Research Program, Fayetteville, AR,... 

This is an overview of the U.S. fishing industry, its anticipated growth and development, the role of the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) and its concerns regarding the safety of fishery products for human consumption. 

Japan and Russia are the two most aggressive countries in the field of large-scale fishing Japan also has the highest per capita consumption of fish. The United States is a relatively small consumer of fishery products, with 50 to 60% of the fish consumed being imported. On a per capita basis, Americans consumed 11.4 pounds of edible weight of fish products in 1970 — less than cxie-fourth the amount of poultry consumed (11). 

Torres, Z. Arias, F. In Irradiation to Control Vibrio Infection from Consumption of Raw Seafood and Fresh Produce, International Atomic Energy Agency Vienna, 2001, 31 pp. Anon. Irradiation (Cold Pasteurization) of Molluscan Shellfish. National Fisheries Institute News Release 99-41. June 25, 1999 (available online at www.nfi.org/hdlines). 

MAFF (Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Fisheries), Household Food Consumption and Expenditure. Annual Report of the National Food Survey Committee. London HMSO, 1996. 

Vannuccini, S. (2004). Overview of fish production, utilization, consumption and trade. FAO fishery information, data and statistic unit report, ftp //ftp.fao.org/fi/stat/overview/ 2001 / commodit/2001fisheryoverview.pdf. 

Much of our current understanding of these impacts arose from research on wildlife and human populations within the Great Lakes basin. Despite being banned in North America more than 25 years ago, the toxicological risks from PCB exposure are still a present-day concern. For example, current PCB concentrations in fish in the Great Lakes are sufficiently large as to drive the need for fish consumption advisories for sport fish and to restrict commercial fisheries. 

These results have significant economic implications for commercial fishers and for aboriginal peoples in the region who depend on the fishery as a major food source. In the United States no consumption of fish with greater than 4.8 xg/g wet weight is recommended based on noncancer health endpoints or 0.18 xg/g (ww) based on cancer endpoints [160]. As of December 1998 there were six fish consumption advisories for toxaphene in the USA, but they were all for locations in the southern states [ 160]. No toxaphene advisories for Great Lakes fish consumption have been issued by the Great Lakes states. 

Farmer, G.J. and Beamish, F.W.H. (1969). Oxygen consumption of 7ilapia nilotica in relation to swimming speed and salinity. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 26,2807-2821. 

Mils, E.L. and Forney, J.I. (1981). Energetics, food consumption and growth of young yellow perch in Oneida Lake, New York. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 110,479-488. 

Currently, only about 50 to 60% of the total marine catch is used for direct human consumption, and annual discards from world fisheries have been estimated to be approximately 25-30 million metric tons (Sovik and Rustad, 2005). Novel means of processing are required to convert fishery by-products into more marketable and acceptable forms (Benjakul and Morrissey, 1997). 

In the UK, the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Food and the Department of Health have conducted four sets of food consumption surveys between 1983 and 1997. These surveys make up the UK s National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) program. The UK has conducted surveys for infants [15], schoolchildren [16], adults [17], and most recently, yoimg people [18]. The food consumption information from these surveys is used for the various UK dietary exposure models, including the TMDI and the NESTI calculations. Elsewhere in the EU, dietary risk assessments may be based upon national food consultation surveys, such as the German data [20], or upon the regional diets... 

The increases in the Tc concentrations in seawater and some marine organisms in Norwegian waters have been subject to large public concern. A documentation of the contamination levels in fish and seafood is of great importance to the Norwegian fisheries credibility towards both domestic and foreign markets. Results from this study will also form the basis for improved assessments of doses from seafood consumption. 

World Health Organization. Fish and Fishery Products. World apparent Consumption Based on Food Balance Sheets (1961-1993). Italy WHO, Rome, 1996. 

There were numerous projects for improvement of the fishery productivity of the Aral Sea due to introduction of mass species of zooplankton, zoobenthos, and fish. In the 1940-1950S the fries of the Caspian stellate sturgeon, bullhead, and Baltic herring were released into the sea. After this the consumption of zooplankton increased sharply, while its resources shrank. 

This conversion was calculated using fish consumption data from the National Marine Fisheries Service. 

In the United States, data on Hg concentration in commercial fish are largely available from two sources (1) the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) study, which sampled fish that were intended for human consumption and which were landed in the United States in the early to mid-1970s (Hall et al. 1978) and (2) the U.S. Food and Drag Administration (FDA) sampling conducted in the early 1990s (FDA 1992). Both data bases represent samples of fish collected from landings and markets in various parts of the United States but do not identify the locations at which samples were obtained or sold. The NMFS data were collected more systematically, represent more species, and generally contain considerably more samples for each species than the FDA data. However, the FDA data are about 20 years more recent than the NMFS data. Analysis of species represented in both data bases by at least three samples (n=15) indicates that, in almost all cases, the Hg concentration... 

I,aurenti G (comp.) (2007). 1961-2003 Fish and Fishery Products World Apparent Consumption Statistics Based on Food Balance Sheets. FAO Fisheries Circular 821, rev. 8. FAO, Rome. 

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