Finishing, pigment

The conditioning stage to produce finished pigment is carried out commercially using one of several processes ... 

Scheme III describes another route that was patented by Harmon Colors (19-21) also starting with dihydroterephthalic ester (VII), but the ester is oxidized and hydrolyzed first to (X) and then ring closed in polyphosphoric acid to IX. Controlled drowning of the acid melt onto various solvents gives the finished pigment directly.

The first activated carbon produced in America was developed accidently from an endeavor to find utility for leached black-ash, a waste product in the manufacture of soda pulp.26 When pulverized, black-ash resembles lamp black, and a factory was erected to process it into a pigment. Because of certain cblor characteristics, however, the finished pigment was not generally accepted by the paint and ink industries. Vigorous efforts to find other sales outlets were of no avail and the factory was about to be abandoned, when, quite by accident, one of the workers stumbled on the discovery that black-ash has decolorizing power. The product, now named Filtchar, was sold as a substitute for bone char and fuller s earth. Marketing difficulties soon developed because of uneven quality of the product some batches were satisfactory, others were not. Very few tests were then available to measure decolorizing power and none were suitable for quality control of the Filtchar. 

Uses Nitrile latex for adhesives, grease- and oil-resist, coatings, leather and textile finishes, pigment arid nonwoven fabric bindings, paper saturation, resin modification... 

Chem. Desaip. Aaylic latex, heat-reactive Uses Acrylic for adhesives, nonwoven fabric binding, textile finishes, pigmented coatings, paper saturation, foam backcoatings for textiles Features Produces med. films Properties Sp.gr. 1.07 vise. 170 cps pH 5.1 53% solids Hycai 26106 [Noveon]... 

Uses Co-finish pigment for high-quality industrial finishes and polymer dispersions Paliotol [BASF AG]... 

Uses Binder for paper and paperboard coatings, textiles (flocking, fabric backcoating/finishing. pigment printing)... 

Uses Pigment in paints, printing inks, paper, leather finishes Pigment orange 16... 

The electrocoat bath consists of 80-90% de-ionised water and 10-20% paint solids. The water acts as the carrier for the paint solids which are constantly agitated. Paint solids consist of resin and pigment. The resin, which is an epoxy or acrylic-based thermoset, is the backbone of the final paint film and provides the corrosion protection, durability and toughness of the finish. Pigments are used to provide the colour and gloss. 

A) Over-ground pigment B) Moderately well-finished pigment C) Well-finished pigment... 

The crude product is converted to a finished pigment by means of various comminution techniques. These include ball milling in the presence or absence of a solvent, attrition by kneading, acid swelling, or add pasting. The apphcation properties of the finished product and its ultimate shade (a function of partide size and shape as well as size distribution) are determined to a large extent by the technique seled-ed. 

In recent years, Chinese producers of perylene intermediates have manufactured perylene crudes and entered the market with finished pigments such as Pigment Red 123 (16) for textile coloration. Competition from Asia for the traditional US and German perylene pigment market is expected to intensify in future years, and some consolidation of the present producers is likely. 

Carbazole violet pigments, like most of the other organic pigments types, may possibly contain (Cl Pigment Violet 23) chlorinated trace contaminants, at part per billion levels, which may be included in the finished pigments. These trace contaminants are estabhshed PBT substances. Therefore, if a manufacturer or importer has sufficient information to estimate the total amount of PBT substances present at trace levels, that manufacturer or importer would be required to assess and if necessary submit a TRI emission form to EPA. 

L 0962 HD can also be used in waterborne paints of pH 8.5-9.0. A co-finished pigment of L 0962 HD with bismuth vanadate (Paliotan Yellow L 1145) offers appreciable economic and technical advantages. 

The large particle size sample is the starting crude pigment with the median diameter near 750 nm. The smaller particle size sample is the finished pigment with the median particle diameter near 130 nm. 

Chem. Descrip. Mineral oil-based detbamer contng. silicone Uses Detbamer for emulsion paints, aq. adhesives and glues, latex masonry finishes, pigment preps., cleaners, wallpaper removers Properties Liq. 100% act. 

Uses Emulsifier, lubricant for agric. sprays, industrial oils, syn. fiber finishes, pigment dispersions, textile finishes and coning oils, oilfield chemicals Properties Amber cl. liq. disp. in water misc. with aromatic soivs, kerosene, chlorinated soivs. sp.gr. 0.98 dens. 8.2 Ib/gal vise. 600 cps HLB 10,7 pour pt, -10 F flash pt. > 200 F (PMCC) 100% act. 

---